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Details of four cards representing planetary cards with different themes, goals and eras. 1647: one of the first detailed telescopic maps of the Moon, with a representation similar to that of the Earth (J. Hevelius: Selenographia). 1824: first segmented lunar map with topographic details and albedo of the Moon, using hatching (W. Lohrman: Topography der Sichtbaren Mondoberflaeche, Dresden). 1960: The first astrogeological map of the Moon, the Lunar Photographic Map (LPC 58), which introduces stratigraphic methods into planetary mapping (EM Shoemaker, RJ Hackman, USA). 2016: Charon card designed for children, representing a new type of awareness cards. Credit: A. Gyöngyösi, Hungary
A catalog that provides an overview of more than 2,200 world maps produced between 1600 and 2018 was presented today at the 2018 European Planetary Science Congress (EPSC) in Berlin. The catalog was produced by Henrik Hargitai, Eötvös Loránd University of Budapest (Hungary) and Mateusz Pitura, University of Wroclaw (Poland).
"Planetary card production began in Europe in the 1600s. It spread to the United States and the Soviet Union in the 1960s, and more recently to China and Japan. "said Hargitai. "Over time, mapping has become less coordinated and more diverse, so that today it becomes difficult to monitor the proliferation of spatial data published in different countries by institutions, individual researchers, and increasingly more, citizen scientists.
To provide this final overview, Hargitai and Pitura created the freely accessible "International Catalog of Planetary Maps", available on planetarymapping.org and through the International Cartographic Association's Commission on Global Mapping. Data can be filtered by author, year, country, scale, type, and reveal the long-term trends in planetary mapping and planetary science activities. Recent web-based mapping services, such as NASA / JPL / Caltech's MoonTrek or Mars OpenPlanetaryMap's vector map, are organized in layers so that the user can view and analyze the surfaces. planetary with GIS tools. Most of the maps in the catalog show Mars (40% of all maps) and the Moon (46%), while mapping of Venus (5%), Mercury (2%), and Jovian moons (4%) produced much fewer examples. About 20% of all maps are geological maps representing the most complex planetary map analysis.
"Our catalog is updated regularly with both newly redesigned historical maps and new additions.In the future, we plan to add maps published in newspaper articles and scan maps that do not include GIS formats yet, "added Hargitai. "This is a transitional period in which the static maps that have characterized the last 400 years have disappeared, replaced by dynamic digital mapping services and tools." In digital platforms, it becomes difficult to define a map." and not just spatial data layers. The maps are used for mission planning, surface operations and post-mission analysis. In the near future, they will be key elements in the planning and operation of new human missions. "
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More information:
EPSC Abstracts, Vol. 12, EPSC2018-258, 2018, European Congress of Planetary Science 2018. Four Centuries of Global Cartography in Europe: Towards a Map of New Human Surface Operations, Henrik Hargitai, Mateusz Pitura
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