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This is the "face of climate change". The famous climatologist Michael Mann of Pennsylvania State University, the British "Guardian", said in an interview about the current global heat wave. Now, the impact of global warming "in real time". You stand behind the extreme weather that lasts several weeks in almost every region of the world.
The consequences of climate change are not only due to high temperatures, which have resulted in a few hundred deaths, fires or droughts In addition, the configuration of daily temperatures is changing: The nights are warming twice as fast as the days, which has a direct effect on human health. According to climatologist Michael Mann, the "face of climate change".
change the seasonal temperature cycle
In a study published in the scientific journal Science, a survey of US climatologists, the seasonal temperature cycle in the troposphere has changed considerably. The troposphere is the lower layer of the Earth's atmosphere, whose height varies between 13 and 16 kilometers. Most weather processes.
showed how, more and more, climate change is the difference in temperature between hot summers and cold winters. Temperatures increase more in summer than in all other seasons of the year. The difference in the Northern Hemisphere is particularly pronounced, as its land mass is significantly greater than that of the southern hemisphere of the Earth. Here, ocean water masses attenuate seasonal variations.
The human being has an effect on the climate of the earth
Between 40 and 60 degrees north latitude, summer has been recording a tenth of a degree Celsius since the beginning of Satellite 38 years ago, a decade warmer than winter. This could have an impact on agriculture in these mid-latitudes, where much of the food crops are grown. Due to higher summer temperatures, soils will dry out more quickly.
Beyond 60. Latitude – it crosses St. Petersburg and southern Greenland in particular – reversed the trend. There, the winters will warm more than the summer, which will allow the formation of sea ice every year less and less. "Our study, which examines the evolution of the seasonal temperature cycle, provides strong new evidence of the impact of humans on the Earth's climate," says lead author Benjamin Santer. from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California.
Santer and his colleagues used satellite-based temperature measurement data around the world. This compared to computer model data. Some are calculated, such as the temperature of the earth would have grown without the influence of mankind's greenhouse gas emissions. Difference between the measured and calculated values of climatologists as human fingerprints in the climate system. Other models including the greenhouse effect provided the same temperature values as the satellites. "We show that the human footprint is much larger than our best estimates of natural climate variability," says Santer.
Winter is four weeks shorter than fifty years ago,
Previous studies have shown that climate change affects the seasons of the year. Spring begins so in the middle of almost two weeks earlier. The Bavarian Environmental Office found that the growing season from 1961 to 2010 per decade had increased by 5.1 days, or 26 more days.
As a result, winters are on average four weeks shorter than fifty years ago. This affects biodiversity. Some time ago, the Federal Office of Nature Conservation, 63 out of 500 in Germany, strictly protected wildlife species as "high risk ranked types". These include the Golden Plover, Alpine Salamander and Blue Iridescent Firefly. All are now rare and react very sensitively to global warming. p> During the hot summer, the body is
not cool at night People, a change sets the night temperatures. Measurements made in the United States showed that summer nights heated in the train of climate change were twice as fast as days, ie 0.8 degrees Celsius over the last century, compared with 0, 4 degrees Celsius the previous days.
Especially the elderly and the sick, and the small children in danger by this development. "The combination of high daytime and nighttime temperatures can be fatal because the body can no longer cool at night," said epidemiologist Lara Cushing of San Francisco State University.
Increased sleep disturbances due to high nighttime temperatures
Overall, global warming is affecting our sleep more and more. In 2017, a study published in the scientific journal "Science Advances" revealed that higher nighttime temperatures, especially in the summer, increased sleep disturbances. By 2050 alone, millions of people in North America, or many more in the poorest tropical countries, could suffer. In this case, seniors are affected twice as often as younger people.
a degree Celsius above normal temperature resulted in an average of three sleepless nights and more per month and per 100 people. "Extrapolated to the population of the United States, this translates to about 110 million sleeperless nights more per year," said lead author Nick Obradovich of the study. Harvard University of Cambridge (US-Massachusetts).
"Too little sleep can make people more vulnerable to infections and chronic diseases, but also to their mood and their mental performance." By 2050, six bedrooms could be added many nights up to the night. in 2099 14 nights without sleep. According to the study, the poor suffer from three times more heat-related sleep disorders than the rich. Because they often live in the cooler suburbs and can afford air conditioners. Here is the newsletter "" subscribe to the knowledge
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air conditioners are a burden for food
puffs But their limits of use: in May, the United States called on NERC's energy providers to its customers to limit their electricity consumption during peak periods of consumption in order to obtain supply . Is particularly affected in California. Network operator CAISO recently warned that the expected demand for electricity in the hottest days could exceed the capacity of about 5,000 megawatts, due in particular to the fact that air conditioners are running very high.
fossil fuel drives global warming to
In a recent report, the International Energy Agency reported in Paris that already one-tenth of global electricity consumption in air conditioning systems and fans. Because in developing countries, more and more people could be cooling systems, will increase their consumption by 2050, triple the amount.
a new infrastructure should be put in place: as much electricity is produced today as all power plants in the EU, the United States and Japan. Energy would be generated from fossils, which will start a vicious cycle: greenhouse gas emissions from fuel cooling are burning global warming.
In FOCUS Online / Glomex, polarity reversal is a reversal of polarity that can have dramatic consequences for climate change, global warming, seasons and the effects of food on health
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