[ad_1]
The first signs of type 2 diabetes can be identified more than 20 years before diagnosis, according to a new study presented at this year's annual meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) in Berlin, Germany (1-5 October).
The Japanese study followed more than 27,000 non-diabetic adults (mean age 49 years) between 2005 and 2016 and found that an increase in fasting blood glucose, a body mass index (BMI) and an alteration in Insulin sensitivity was detectable up to 10 years before the diagnosis of diabetes. as well as prediabetes.
"While the vast majority of people with type 2 diabetes go through the prediabetic stage, our results suggest that high metabolic markers of diabetes are detectable more than 20 years before their diagnosis," says Dr. Hiroyuki Sagesaka of the US. Aizawa Hospital in Matsumoto, Japan. conducted the research with Professor Mitsuhisa Komatsu of the Faculty of Medicine, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan, and his colleagues.
Previous research suggests that risk factors such as obesity and high fasting glucose may be present up to 10 years before the diagnosis of diabetes. However, the time when individuals who develop diabetes and those who do not initially become different from one another is not known until now.
Sagesaka and colleagues evaluated the trajectories of fasting glucose, BMI, and insulin sensitivity in individuals who developed diabetes and prediabetes separately. At the start of the study, 27,392 non-diabetic individuals had fasting blood glucose and mean blood glucose (HbA1c) measured and followed up to diagnosis of type 2 diabetes or prediabetes, or by the end of 2016 , whichever comes first.
During the study period, 1067 new cases of type 2 diabetes were identified. The results showed that on average, several risk factors were more common in individuals who developed type 2 diabetes than in those who did not. In particular, BMI, fasting blood glucose and insulin resistance increased up to 10 years before diagnosis and these differences widened over time.
For example, mean fasting blood glucose: 10 years before diagnosis – 101.5 mg / dL developed diabetes vs. 94.5 mg / dL for those who did not; 5 years before diagnosis – 105 mg / dL vs 94 mg / dL; and 1 year earlier – 110 mg / dL vs 94 mg / dL.
Of 15,778 individuals with normal blood glucose on the initial examination, 4,781 developed prediabetes during the study period and the same abnormalities, although to a lesser extent, were present at least 10 years before the diagnosis of prediabetes.
The research has important implications as approximately 425 million adults (aged 20 to 79 years old) were living with diabetes in 2017 and that number is expected to reach 629 million by 2045.
"Since prevention trials in people with prediabetes seem to be less successful with long-term follow-up, we may need to intervene much earlier than prediabetes to prevent progression to complete diabetes. A much earlier intervention, related to a drug or a lifestyle, is warranted, "says Dr. Sagesaka.
This is an observational study; no definitive conclusion can therefore be drawn as to the cause and the effect. The authors point out several limitations, including the fact that the time between the diagnosis of prediabetes and diabetes is not known, so that the complete chronology of the evolution of diabetes remains unchanged. be clarified.
Source of the story:
Material provided by diabetology. Note: Content can be changed for style and length.
Source link
