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By Dr. Chethana D
Joint and back pain, one of the most common ailments, Arthritis has a great impact on the lives of millions of people worldwide. It affects them physically, emotionally and socially as well. It is important to diagnose and treat the condition before arthritis.
Arthritis & Its Types
Arthritis means joint inflammation, pain and stiffness.
The most common type of arthritis is osteoarthritis which occurs due to wear and tear of joints. It commonly affects knees, hips and lower back.
The other type of arthritis is inflammatory arthritis, which comes under the purview of a rheumatologist. This group includes rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and many more.
Rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune disease, tends to affect more than men, mainly in the age group of 30-60 years. Genetic, environmental factors and smoking can lead to this condition. About 1 in 100 people are affected by rheumatoid arthritis in India.
Symptoms
The symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis include multiple joints, especially hands, wrists, feet and knees lasting for more than 4 to 6 weeks. There may be swelling in the joints, and severe joint stiffness early in the morning.
Fatigue and feverishness are common signs during the condition.
Treatment
Treatment should be under the guidance of a rheumatologist within 6 to 8 weeks of onset of symptoms.
The treatment is usually long-term, and includes medications called disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. The medication may include simple pain-killers or a short course of steroids during the initial stages.
For people with very severe arthritis, biologic drugs can be given in the form of tablets, injections or through intravenous routes. Novel targeted treatment can halt seal destruction. Apart from medications, adapting to lifestyle changes like working out regularly, eating, eating and maintaining an ideal weight are important.
The treatment options for people suffering from rheumatoid arthritis are improved with more effective medications. It is possible to lead a normal life by taking regular medications, and making necessary lifestyle changes. The key is to start early and take it regularly.
(The author is Consultant-Rheumatology at Aster CMI Hospital)
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