Here are the top five dangers that NASA astronauts face

NASA is particularly concerned about how a lack of gravity and an increase in space radiation could harm explorers on the moon or Mars route. On Earth, we are protected from most forms of radiation due to the atmosphere; in space, explorers in low earth orbit receive a little less radiation than in the depths of space because of the magnetic field of the Earth, which deviates from space radiation. But on the way to Mars, this is not the case.

Norsk said doctors still do not understand how radiation can affect the bones and muscles of the astronaut. It is difficult to simulate far – space radiation on Earth, and we only sent a handful of astronauts on the moon in the 1960s and 1970s.

5. Space attacks our immune system

One of the things that hurts astronauts in space is the loss of a regular "day" in the space. The sun rises and sets 16 times in 24 hours aboard the ISS, as astronauts travel around the Earth every 90 minutes. Although teams do everything in their power to keep their bodies in order, such as eating at regular times and having firm periods of sleep, it is very difficult to fool the brain when light and darkness change outside the window.

At the present time, doctors are trying to better strengthen the circadian cycle by improving the sleep of astronauts, which means that they reduce noise, make their schedules less stressful at night, and can take a toll. other measures.

"In-flight sleep is important," says immunologist Brian Crucian of NASA. "It can affect the immune system."

Doctors are also closely studying team studies working in confined and isolated environments, such as Antarctica, to have more ideas on how to improve the human immune system in humans. l & # 39; space. Doctors have been examining circadian disturbances for years using the saliva of the teams who stay in the winter. In recent years, as technology has improved, teams have analyzed their samples on-site to provide science more quickly.

Doctors still describe exactly how circadian problems affect Antarctic explorers, but the hope is that, in the coming years, they will be able to implement countermeasures to help crews on Earth and crews in space.