Rare electric blue clouds captured on film by NASA



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A balloon launched by NASA through the Arctic captured images of rare blue clouds formed by ice crystals interacting with broken meteor fragments.

Known as nocturnal clouds or polar mesospheric clouds (PMCs), a better understanding of these unusual phenomena will help scientists understand the turbulence in the atmosphere and may even play a role in weather forecasts.

The clouds are visible shortly after sunset in the polar regions during the summer, while ice forms around the remains of meteors in the upper atmosphere.

"Our cameras have probably been able to capture really interesting events and we hope to be able to provide new insights into these complex dynamics," said Dr. Dave Fritts, who led the PMC Turbo mission.

The balloon used in the mission crossed the stratosphere for five days and the onboard cameras captured six million high-resolution images.

Atmospheric gravity waves, caused by air masses raised when encountering obstacles such as mountain ranges, also play a role in the appearance of clouds.

"This is the first time we have been able to visualize the flow of energy from larger gravity waves to lower flow instabilities and turbulence in the upper atmosphere," said Dr. Fritts.

"At these altitudes, you can literally see the gravitational waves breaking – like the waves of the ocean on the beach – and pouring into the turbulence."

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