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As impressive as Cassini's mission was, everything, we know it, has an end: on September 15, 2017, Cassini burned its last fuel reserves during a kamikaze flight in the atmosphere of the very large Ring Planet.
During her mission, the Cassini spacecraft spent 20 years exploring space, mainly observing Saturn, where she captured more than 450,000 photos as she circled the famous ringed planet. But before making his final dive, he completed an absolutely remarkable finale by circling the planet at ever closer distances and sliding across the rings of the planet. The second – according to astronomers – can survive 700,000 to 7 million years. The rain is mainly composed of molecular hydrogen, but also contains a lot of ice water as well as carbon compounds, such as butane and propane, reports Elizabeth Howell to Seeker. It's snuck between the planet and its signature rings, instrumentation furiously collecting data until the absolute end. "One is the chemical complexity of this" rain "of small particles of this ring, the second is the considerable volume of matter that continually falls on Saturn."
And over time, this material could alter the carbon and oxygen content of Saturn's atmosphere.
"This incoming debris is a major change in the ionosphere, affects its composition and has observable effects, which we are trying to understand now," says co-author Thomas Cravens of the University of Toronto. Kansas in a statement.
As for Cassini, "I'm sure there will still be surprises," said Horányi, also co-investigator of the Cosmic Dust Analyzer. The first is the chemical complexity of what came out of the rings – we thought it would be almost entirely water, based on what we had seen in the past.
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If scientists can identify the exact types of silicates that cover the rings of Saturn, they may be able to tell whether these features date back billions of years or much younger.
The probe could then use its ion and neutral mass spectrometer (INMS) to analyze the chemical content of this rain, even though it was created to analyze the gases. Researchers are still perplexed as to why the rain of the ring is deprived of water.
According to Cravens, methane was totally unexpected, as was carbon dioxide. Cassini made 22 passes around Saturn, sneaking between the ring closest to the planet and its upper atmosphere, an area of less than 1,200 kilometers wide.
A large part of the particles consists of ice-water. The composition of the organic compounds is different from that found on the Enceladus moon – and also different from that of the Titan moon, which means that there are at least three distinct reservoirs of organic molecules in the Saturn system.
"If it's not replenished, the rings are not going to last – you have a hole in your bucket". Several other articles based on data also published in Science reveal a new electrical current system connecting the rings and the upper atmosphere and a new radiation belt discovered around the planet.
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