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Teleportation – the ability to transfer matter or energy from one point to another without moving into the physical space – is a basic element of science fiction. But in the world of quantum physics, it has become a reality.
Yale scientists have just teleported a quantum gate between two qubits on demand and without the need for direct interaction – a fundamental breakthrough for the development of quantum computers of the future.
In a study published in Nature, the team says it seeks to solve one of the big problems of quantum computing: the errors introduced by quantum computing processors. "A quantum computer has the potential to effectively solve hard-to-solve problems for conventional computers," writes the team. "However, building a large-scale quantum processor is a challenge because of the errors and noise inherent in real-world quantum systems."
One way to remove these errors is to use modularity.
Modularity is found throughout nature, from the organization of a biological cell to the most complex technological exploits. It refers, as implicit in the name, to the compartmentalization of the individual parts to create a set. According to scientists, this approach helps to manage complexity and uncertainty and could therefore be useful for the development of quantum systems connected to a quantum network via communication channels. This would avoid unwanted interactions, thinking that the larger system – the qubits, which perform quantum calculations, are prone to errors, which complicates the execution of operations between different modules.
The teleportation of a quantum gate is so essential to this approach that it would allow interactions without risk of error during the transfer. This idea was first proposed as a theoretical approach in the 1990s. Yale scientists have now demonstrated it in a real world experience.
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"Our work is the first time this protocol has been demonstrated where conventional communication occurs in real time, allowing us to implement a" deterministic "operation that performs the desired operation every time," said Kevin. Cabbage, co-author of the study. declaration.
This has great implications for the development of "fault-tolerant quantum computing," say the scientists. "And when it's done in a network, it can have vast applications in quantum communication, metrology and simulation," they add.
Lead researcher Robert Schoelkopf said: "This is a milestone in the processing of quantum information using fault-tolerant qubits."
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