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Scientists plan to create a network in the Chicago area by exploiting the principles of quantum physics. The idea is to prove that quantum physics could serve as a basis for an inaccessible Internet.
According to them, this could have a considerable impact on communications, information technology and national security.
The quantum network development, supported by the US Department of Energy (DOE), will expand between the DOE's Argonne National Laboratory and the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, a connection that says it will be the longest in the world to send secure information using quantum physics.
The experiment "teleports" the information over a distance of 30 miles because the particles instantly change their quantum states rather than moving between two points.
"This project launches the construction of a communications network based on the quantum states of matter, providing a fundamentally new way to create and send information securely," said David Awschalom, a research scientist. Argonne and Professor of Molecular Engineering at the Liew Family of the University of Chicago.
"We will build a national test bench to develop the science of quantum systems engineering and explore the properties of quantum entanglement, a phenomenon that fascinates scientists and the general public."
Scientists believe that a quantum system could be virtually indecipherable because, if someone was trying to watch a transmission, it would be disrupted, the information destroyed and the senders alerted.
The quantum network works by "entangling" particles, another peculiarity of quantum mechanics that suggests that you can link two (or more) particles so that they are in a shared state – and what happens to the One affects the other, even if they are miles at a time.
Thus, if scientists share a pair of entangled particles between two locations, the quantum information can be transmitted even if the locations are far apart and they have no physical connection. While quantum information has been "teleported", no object is transported.
"Realizing the teleportation of information over real distances of several kilometers allows us to identify practical problems related to the operation of a quantum network: what are the technological challenges, what is the security of communications and what are the limits of transporting information in this way, "added Awschalom.
This is not the first effort to build a secure network based on the principles of quantum physics. In January of this year, Chinese scientists revealed that they were testing a satellite quantum key distribution network. In the same month, an "impossible to hack" satellite was used to host a fully secure videoconference.
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