[ad_1]
Hook-and-mouth wounds can prevent fish from eating well, according to a new study.
The results will be alarming for fishermen who consider their hobby not only safe for fish, but also a way to conserve endangered species.
Capture and release methods are common in recreational fishing, and individuals often use barbless hooks to reduce damage to their targets.
However, new research by a team of Californian scientists has added to a growing body of evidence that even practices that are considered humane may have unintended consequences.
When a fish is hooked by the mouth and the hook is then removed, it leaves a sore that can disrupt the suction feeding system used by many popular target species such as trout and carp.
According to Professor Tim Higham of the University of California at Riverside, the principle is quite simple.
"The suction feeding system is a bit similar to the way we drink liquid with a straw," he said.
"If you make a hole in the side of your straw, it will not work properly."
The debate over whether fishing has been harming fish has been going on for years, usually with animal cruelty activists on one side and amateurs on the other.
As far as science is concerned, it was far from clear. Neurobiologists have often claimed that fish do not have the ability to feel the pain as we imagined, but some experiments have suggested the opposite.
1/16 Nobel Prize for Chemists of Evolution
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to three chemists working with the evolution. Frances Smith receives the award for her work on the direction of enzyme evolution, while Gregory Winter and George Smith are honored for their work on phage display of peptides and antibodies
Getty / AFP
2/16 Nobel Prize for Laser Physicists
The Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to three physicists working with lasers. Arthur Ashkin (L) has been rewarded for his "optical tweezers" that use lasers to capture particles, atoms, viruses and other living cells. Donna Strickland and Gérard Mourou were jointly awarded the prize for the development of amplification of pulsed pulsed lasers
Reuters / AP
3/16 Discovery of a new dinosaur species
Ledumahadi Mafube wandered about 200 million years ago in what is now South Africa. Recently discovered by a team of international scientists, he was the largest land animal of his time, weighing 12 tons and weighing 13 feet. In Sesotho, the South African language of the region in which the dinosaur was discovered, its name means "a giant thunderbolt at dawn"
Viktor Radermacher / SWNS
4/16 Birth of a planet
Scientists have witnessed the birth of a planet for the very first time.
This spectacular image of the SPHERE instrument on ESO's very large telescope is the first clear image of a planet caught red-handed training around the dwarf star PDS 70. The Planet stands out clearly, visible as a bright spot to the right of the screen. center of the image, masked by the coronagraph mask used to block the blinding light of the central star.
ESO / A. Müller et al
5/16 New human organ discovered that scientists previously lacked
The layers long considered dense, connective tissue is actually a series of compartments filled with liquid that researchers have dubbed "interstitium".
These compartments are under the skin and line the intestines, lungs, blood vessels and muscles and join together to form a network supported by a mesh of strong and flexible proteins.
Getty
6/16 According to an archaeologist, a previously unknown society lived in the Amazon rainforest before the arrival of Europeans
Working in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso, a team of archaeologists from the University of Exeter has uncovered hundreds of hidden villages deep in the rainforest.
These excavations included evidence of fortifications and mysterious earthworks called geoglyphs
José Iriarte
7/16 A study on traces of cocaine or heroin on one in 10 people
Scientists have discovered that more than one in 10 people had traces of Class A drugs on their fingers, while she was developing a new fingerprint-based drug test.
Through a sensitive analysis of the chemical composition of sweat, researchers were able to differentiate between those who had been directly exposed to heroin and cocaine and those who had encountered it indirectly.
Getty
8/16 NASA publishes great images of Jupiter's big red dot
The storm is bigger than the Earth has swirled for 350 years. The colors of the image have been improved after returning to Earth.
Pictures of: Tom Momary
9/16 3D reconstruction of a gray parrot from Africa after euthanasia
Included in the Wellcome Image Awards, this 3D image of an African Gray Parrot shows the highly complex system of blood vessels.
Scott Birch. Welcome pictures
10/16 Baby Hawaiian Squid
Another winner of the Wellcome Images Award, this time from the baby squid Hawaiian. The black ink bag and light organ located in the center of the squid mantle cavity are clearly visible.
Macroscopic solutions. Welcome pictures
11/16 Skeletons of 5,000-year-old Chinese "giants" discovered by archaeologists
People are thought to be exceptionally tall and strong. The largest skeleton discovered measured at 1.9 m
Youtube
12/16 NASA discovers a hole in the sun of a width of 75 000 km
Sunspots are caused by interactions with the Sun's magnetic field and are colder areas on the surface of the star.
Nasa
13/16 Display (active tab) Apple News New Break Email Edit Review Workflow Clear Cache NewsScience A 132 million year old dinosaur fossil discovered in a Surrey factory
Paleontologists Sarah Moore and Jamie Jordan believe they have discovered an Iguanodon dinosaur, an herbivore about 3 meters tall and 10 meters long.
Cambridge Photographers / Wienerberger
14/16 The discovery of life on Mars is less likely, researchers discovering toxic chemicals on its surface
Echus Chasma, one of the largest source areas of water on Mars
Getty Images
15/16 The Great Prismatic Spring, the largest in the United States and the third largest in the world, is visible in Yellowstone National Park.
The park is famous for its geothermal activity – which includes its spectacular and streaming springs as well as its famous "Old Faithful" geyser that sprays water every hour or so.
REUTERS / Jim Urquhart
16/16 An iris clip attached to the eye
This image is part of the Wellcome Images Awards and shows how an artificial intraocular lens is adjusted to the eye. Used for conditions such as myopia and cataracts.
University of Cambridge NHS Hospitals FT. Welcome pictures
1/16 Nobel Prize for Chemists of Evolution
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to three chemists working with the evolution. Frances Smith receives the award for her work on the direction of enzyme evolution, while Gregory Winter and George Smith are honored for their work on phage display of peptides and antibodies
Getty / AFP
2/16 Nobel Prize for Laser Physicists
The Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to three physicists working with lasers. Arthur Ashkin (L) has been rewarded for his "optical tweezers" that use lasers to capture particles, atoms, viruses and other living cells. Donna Strickland and Gérard Mourou were jointly awarded the prize for the development of amplification of pulsed pulsed lasers
Reuters / AP
3/16 Discovery of a new dinosaur species
Ledumahadi Mafube wandered about 200 million years ago in what is now South Africa. Recently discovered by a team of international scientists, he was the largest land animal of his time, weighing 12 tons and weighing 13 feet. In Sesotho, the South African language of the region in which the dinosaur was discovered, its name means "a giant thunderbolt at dawn"
Viktor Radermacher / SWNS
4/16 Birth of a planet
Scientists have witnessed the birth of a planet for the very first time.
This spectacular image of the SPHERE instrument on ESO's very large telescope is the first clear image of a planet caught red-handed training around the dwarf star PDS 70. The Planet stands out clearly, visible as a bright spot to the right of the screen. center of the image, masked by the coronagraph mask used to block the blinding light of the central star.
ESO / A. Müller et al
5/16 New human organ discovered that scientists previously lacked
The layers long considered dense, connective tissue is actually a series of compartments filled with liquid that researchers have dubbed "interstitium".
These compartments are under the skin and line the intestines, lungs, blood vessels and muscles and join together to form a network supported by a mesh of strong and flexible proteins.
Getty
6/16 According to an archaeologist, a previously unknown society lived in the Amazon rainforest before the arrival of Europeans
Working in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso, a team of archaeologists from the University of Exeter has uncovered hundreds of hidden villages deep in the rainforest.
These excavations included evidence of fortifications and mysterious earthworks called geoglyphs
José Iriarte
7/16 A study on traces of cocaine or heroin on one in 10 people
Scientists have discovered that more than one in 10 people had traces of Class A drugs on their fingers, while she was developing a new fingerprint-based drug test.
Through a sensitive analysis of the chemical composition of sweat, researchers were able to differentiate between those who had been directly exposed to heroin and cocaine and those who had encountered it indirectly.
Getty
8/16 NASA publishes great images of Jupiter's big red dot
The storm is bigger than the Earth has swirled for 350 years. The colors of the image have been improved after returning to Earth.
Pictures of: Tom Momary
9/16 3D reconstruction of a gray parrot from Africa after euthanasia
Included in the Wellcome Image Awards, this 3D image of an African Gray Parrot shows the highly complex system of blood vessels.
Scott Birch. Welcome pictures
10/16 Baby Hawaiian Squid
Another winner of the Wellcome Images Award, this time from the baby squid Hawaiian. The black ink bag and light organ located in the center of the squid mantle cavity are clearly visible.
Macroscopic solutions. Welcome pictures
11/16 Skeletons of 5,000-year-old Chinese "giants" discovered by archaeologists
People are thought to be exceptionally tall and strong. The largest skeleton discovered measured at 1.9 m
Youtube
12/16 NASA discovers a hole in the sun of a width of 75 000 km
Sunspots are caused by interactions with the Sun's magnetic field and are colder areas on the surface of the star.
Nasa
13/16 Display (active tab) Apple News New Break Email Edit Review Workflow Clear Cache NewsScience A 132 million year old dinosaur fossil discovered in a Surrey factory
Paleontologists Sarah Moore and Jamie Jordan believe they have discovered an Iguanodon dinosaur, an herbivore about 3 meters tall and 10 meters long.
Cambridge Photographers / Wienerberger
14/16 The discovery of life on Mars is less likely, researchers discovering toxic chemicals on its surface
Echus Chasma, one of the largest source areas of water on Mars
Getty Images
15/16 The Great Prismatic Spring, the largest in the United States and the third largest in the world, is visible in Yellowstone National Park.
The park is famous for its geothermal activity – which includes its spectacular and streaming springs as well as its famous "Old Faithful" geyser that sprays water every hour or so.
REUTERS / Jim Urquhart
16/16 An iris clip attached to the eye
This image is part of the Wellcome Images Awards and shows how an artificial intraocular lens is adjusted to the eye. Used for conditions such as myopia and cataracts.
University of Cambridge NHS Hospitals FT. Welcome pictures
But the new study undertaken by Professor Higham and his colleagues, and published in The journal of experimental biology, do not attempt to answer this question. Instead, it's simply a question of mechanics.
Aspiration feeding is based on the creation of negative pressure in the animal's mouth, which sucks prey, and scientists have wondered if this would change after being pierced by a hook.
To investigate, they studied the effect of different fishing methods on 20 small minnows fished near the Bamfield Marine Science Center in Canada.
Ten of these fish were caught using nets and ten using a hook and a line.
After catching the fish, the scientists immediately took them to the laboratory. Once there, they donated fish food and used cameras placed in tanks to monitor their feeding performance.
All the fish also seemed eager to eat the food they were given, but those who had been caught with hooks seemed to have trouble doing so.
"As we had predicted, fish with mouth sores exhibited a reduction in the rate at which they were able to attract prey into their mouths," said Professor Higham.
"That was the case even though we used barbless hooks, which are less damaging than barbed hooks."
The fish were safely returned to the water after the experiments.
"This study points out that snagging is not as simple as removing the hook and that everything is fine, but that it is rather a complex process that should to be studied in more detail, "said Professor Higham.
He pointed out that these experiments alone did not make it possible to determine the extent to which angling affected the feeding performance of these fish in the wild. However, while they wait for their mouths to heal, he said that it was likely that their ability to feed themselves would be affected.
Source link
