US Marine History: 5 quick facts to know

On November 10, 2018, the United States Marine Corps (USMC) is 243 years old.

The Corps is a branch of the US Armed Forces that has always been responsible for amphibious and expeditionary operations; Marines operate on land and sea and can be quickly deployed to fight abroad.

Established in 1775, the USMC officially joined the United States Navy Department and has worked with the Navy since then in military operations and theaters of war around the world. Marines operate on land and at sea with military installations on Navy bases, warships and aircraft carriers.

The USMC has a famous and legendary history.

"Ooh-rah, for example, the most famous and most used military call to action has its origins in the Marines Reconnaissance stationed in Korea in the 1950s. Often, in the submarines, the alarm Horn that rings before a dive can be heard as ah-roo-ga. So the Marines started using that to motivate themselves. But he was heavy on the tongue and was reduced to Ooh-rah. True story. Supposedly.

Here are some interesting facts you need to know:

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1. The body of the Marne of the United States was born in a Philadelphia Bar in 1775

A tavern founded in Philadelphia in 1685 would be, almost a century later, the birthplace of the US Marines, as well as the current military name.

On November 10, 1775, the Continental Congress charged Samuel Nicholas to form two naval battalions. Nicholas is put to work. In the tavern Tun.

Nicholas has named the owner of the bar Robert Mullen Marine recruiter. It is said that, even involuntarily, the attraction of cold beer has brought men to the bar, but what motivated them to enroll is the opportunity to be part of the new body.

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2. Marines fought with pirates during the Barbary War of 1801-1805

Europe and the United States have paid the pirates of North Africa to leave their ships on their own. But extortion breeds greed, and attacking, ruthless and fast-paced privateers wanted more. Unsatisfied with the tributes paid to them, the Barbary Marauders became more aggressive and attacked not only American ships at sea, but also captured.

It was the Marines who contributed to the victory in the first American battle ever fought on foreign soil when the US Navy William Eaton led 500 soldiers across the North African desert to Libya to seize the city of Derma.

In 1805, the Barbary pirates surrendered (although for now, a second Barbary pirates' war would begin 10 years later), they released their captives and stopped attacking their American ships. The first major and most famous battle of the USMC was won.

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3. "Some good men" and "The rare, the proud, the marines"

The nickname of "some valuable men" of the Marines was created in 1779 when the Capt. William Jones of the Continental Marines had published a recruitment ad in the newspaper The Providence (RI).

"The Providence Continental Ship, currently in Boston, is immediately undergoing a short cruise; some good men are willing to complete his complement. "

Relaunched in 1970, this term has been used in recruitment advertisements for decades. Then, the film "Some Good Men" again popularized this expression, although the film was controversial to the extent that a high-ranking naval colonel was accused of conspiring for the assassination of his wife. a Marine. One fiction, the 1992 courtroom drama, in which Jack Nicholson played the role of offensive colonel, had said, "His, you can not handle the truth," which is now a common phrase and fluently used in the modern American vernacular language.

In any case, the term "few good men" as a tool of recruitment has been largely abandoned in favor of a more inclusive reception in the exclusive branch of the army. "The rare, the proud, the marines" was created in 2007.

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4. Women in the Marines goes back to 1918

In 1918, Opha May (née Jacob) Johnson became the first woman to enlist in the Marine Corps. Mainly because she was on the front line on August 13 when 300 other women registered as USMC reservists during the First World War. She was committed and was promoted from simple soldier to sergeant.

Although women have served in the USMC since 1918, their tasks were largely limited to roles outside of combat. But in 1967, the first woman, Staff Sergeant Barbara Dulinsky, served in a combat war zone. What followed was a number of firsts for women in the navies: women served in Iraq and Afghanistan.

In 2008, Captain Elizabeth A. Okoreeh-Baah became Osprey's first female pilot to participate in combat operations in Iraq. In 2017, a number of firsts: First Lieutenant Marina A. Hierl became the first woman to graduate from the USMC Infantry Officer Course and Second Lieutenant Mariah Klenke is became the first woman to graduate from the Amphibian Marine Assault Officer course. In January 2018, Colonel Lorna Mahlock became the first African American woman to be appointed Brigadier General of the USMC.

However, as the Marine Times reports in March 2018, "two years after the Department of Defense ordered the Navy Corps to open all fields of battle arms activity at women, less than 100 women have managed to fill these jobs previously reserved for men.

The newspaper reported that a total of 92 women operate in a multitude of combat positions across the body, from riflemen to reconnaissance armored vehicles to combat engineers.

The remarkable women of the Marines include the Golden Girls and actress Maude Bea Arthur. She served for more than two years during the Second World War, starting with what most women did: secretarial work, but she was soon a truck driver. Like Johnson, Arthur was promoted from soldier to sergeant.

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5. The Marines have had many nicknames, including devil dogs, Jarheads and Leathernecks

The first of his many nicknames for the Marines was "leatherneck". (leather), because of the wide and stiff leather choker that was part of the USMC uniform in the late eighteenth century until around 1870. Called Stock, the hard and rough leather was designed to protect the neck and jugular vein of a soldier and this was also helpful in maintaining the head-up posture for the Marines. So the leather collars.

And in agreement with the pass, the term jarhead refers to the blues dress worn by the Marines and which, according to the sailors of the Second World War, gave the impression of the head of a Marine to project at the top of a mason jar.

Devil Dogs was born during the First World War and was invented by stunned and defeated German soldiers in respect for the US Marines who fought so violently that the Germans called the Marines teufel hunden, or devilish dogs, legendary ferocious mountain dogs.