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MedicalResearch.com Interview with:
Dr. Doubeni
Chyke Doubeni, M.D., M.P.H.
Harrison McCrea Dickson, M.D. and Clifford C. Baker, M.D. Presidential Professor
Associate Professor of Epidemiology
Principal Investigator, Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
MedicalResearch.com: What is the context of this study? What are the main results?
Reply: Obesity is an important public health problem affecting nearly 4 out of 10 American adults. It increases the risk of many chronic diseases as well as premature deaths from diabetes, coronary heart disease, various types of cancer and other conditions. As such, it was important that the US Preventive Services Working Group review current data and update the recommendation on this topic.
Based on a review of the most recent studies, we found that intensive multicomponent behavioral interventions are safe and effective. They can help people lose weight, maintain their weight loss and reduce the risk of obesity-related diseases such as diabetes in people with high blood sugar levels. Therefore, the working group recommends that clinicians propose or refer adults with a body mass index, or BMI, of 30 kg / m2 or more to these behavioral interventions.
MedicalResearch.com: What should readers of your report take?
Reply: Many evidence-based programs can help people lose weight and clinicians should discuss with their patients what is best for them. Effective, multi-component, and intensive interventions are programs that require frequent, regular, and ongoing interactions or contacts over several months or years to address the many factors associated with obesity. The components of interventions usually include advice and support for healthy eating and increased physical activity, as well as setting achievable goals and providing tools for self-monitoring. Interventions can be delivered through classroom style group sessions, individual individual consultations, or technology programs using a smartphone app. These interventions have proven that they help people achieve a healthy weight and reduce the risk of diseases associated with obesity.
MedicalResearch.com: What recommendations do you have for future research as a result of this work?
Reply: There are a number of important areas in which the working group calls for more research on this topic. We need studies to examine the effects of interventions on long-term weight status and health outcomes, particularly in groups such as the elderly and racial minorities. We also need more research in primary care settings to determine whether intensive multicomponent behavioral interventions reduce health risks in overweight individuals (BMI 25 to 29.9 kg / m2). We would also like to see more studies on genetic and environmental factors that may make behavioral interventions more or less effective in individuals. Given the many components of these interventions and their many modes of delivery, we need evidence to better understand which components or approaches to interventions are most effective and for which types of individuals. Finally, it is necessary to determine whether interventions focused on weight loss and support for people with obesity lead to significant improvements in quality of life and patient-centered outcomes.
MedicalResearch.com: Is there anything else you would like to add?
Reply: The prevalence of obesity among American adults continues to increase. Clinicians can really help their patients with obesity by tracking and documenting the presence of obesity in their patients and by offering or directing those who suffer from obesity to intensive multi-component behavioral interventions. There are many intervention options to choose from. Therefore, clinicians should discuss with their patients the options available to determine which one is best for each patient based on their preferences and available resources. Anyone who is concerned about their weight and body mass index or obesity-related illness should consult their doctor.
Quote:
LeBlanc ES, Patnode CD, EM Webber, Redmond N, Rushkin M, O'Connor EA. Behavioral and pharmacotherapeutic weight loss interventions to prevent adult-related morbidity and mortality in adultsSupport of evidence and systematic review for the US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA 2018; 320 (11): 1172-1191. doi: 10.1001 / jama.2018.7777
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