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The United States, France, Germany and Canada agreed with the United Kingdom's assessment that the Russian government "almost certainly" approved the Salisbury poisoning.
They urged Russia to provide full disclosure of its Novichok program.
At a meeting of the United Nations Security Council to discuss the attack, Russia rejected the evidence presented by the United Kingdom as "lies".
The head of the GCHQ said the UK's allies "would reject the Kremlin's brazen determination to undermine the rules-based international order".
In a speech in Washington, Jeremy Fleming said: "The threat from Russia is real, it is active".
He added, "And a strong international alliance of allies will be put in place that is capable of deploying the full range of tools of our national security apparatus."
Fleming said the intelligence community had backed the police in a "thorough" and "very complex" investigation into what happened after the poisoning of former Russian spy Sergei Skripal. and his daughter Yulia on March 4th.
The United Kingdom has identified as prime suspects two men, Alexander Petrov and Ruslan Boshirov, who would come from the Russian military intelligence service, the GRU.
The Kremlin has described these accusations as "unacceptable".
A statement by Theresa May, Emmanuel Macron, Angela Merkel, Donald Trump and Justin Trudeau said: "We, the leaders of France, Germany, the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom, reiterate our indignation facing, known as Novichok, in Salisbury on March 4. "
The leaders welcomed the progress of the investigation, but urged those who had more information to go to the British authorities.
"We have every confidence in the British assessment that the two suspects were officers of the Russian military intelligence service, also known as the GRU," the statement added.
Referring to the expulsion of Russian diplomats from their countries in response to the March 4 attack, the leaders said they had already "acted together to disrupt the activities of the GRU".
The leaders said the link with the Russian service – revealed on Wednesday – would strengthen their intention to work together against foreign spying networks, the use of chemical weapons and "to defend against any form of malign activity directed against us and our societies. " ".
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The UN Security Council, of which Russia is a permanent member, alongside the allies of China and the United Kingdom, the United States and France, has met in New York to discuss the latest progress of the investigation.
Addressing the council, Britain's ambassador to the United Nations, Karen Pierce, said the attack on nerve agents was a "direct challenge" to the "international system based on rules that protects us all since 1945 ".
"We have lost all hope"
In a long rebuttal, Russia accused the United Kingdom of "disgusting anti-Russian hysteria".
But Russian ambassador to the UN, Vasily Nebenzya, accused the British authorities of "russiaphobie" and misled the international community and British citizens.
"We have lost hope of finding the truth," he said, adding that the latest developments had been "invented from scratch".
He pointed to a number of "inconsistencies", which he said were "out of the charts", according to the UK.
Theresa May told the Commons Wednesday that the two suspects had entered the UK with Russian passports.
She told MPs that the poisoning was "not a rogue operation" and was "almost certainly" approved at a higher level of the Russian state.
UK prosecutors believe that there is sufficient evidence to charge the couple with offenses, including a conspiracy to kill him; attempted murder and use and possession of Novichok in violation of the Chemical Weapons Act.
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metropolitan police
Police released CCTV showing the two men arriving at Gatwick Airport on March 2
Russia does not extradite its nationals, but a European arrest warrant has been obtained in case men go to the EU.
Mr Skripal, 66, and his daughter Yulia, 33, were poisoned in Novichok on 4 March. Sgt Nick Bailey also became ill after responding to the Salisbury incident.
Police also linked the attack to poisoning in Novichok on June 30 in the nearby town of Amesbury, which resulted in the death of Dawn Sturgess, a mother of three 44-year-old children, and harmed her Charlie Rowley friend.
