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The triumph of left-wing leader Andrés Manuel Lopez Obrador, Amlo, Mexico, represented a historic victory in the elections of the Aztec country, but was also described as a success for the Latin American left, after a succession of defeats.
López Obrador, from the coalition "Together we will make history", became the first leftist candidate to win the presidency in this country.
The Mexican government joins the leftist or progressive options they have power in Latin America: Venezuela, with Nicolás Maduro; Bolivia, with Evo Morales; Nicaragua, with Daniel Ortega; Uruguay, with Tabaré Vázquez; Costa Rica, with Carlos Alvarado; El Salvador, with Salvador Sánchez, and Ecuador, with Lenín Moreno. Of course, among these nuances, the nuances are very different.
This election comes at a time when there was already talk of the "failure" of the Latin American left, after the loss of land in countries like Argentina, Chile and Brazil, which in turn, Bolivia, Ecuador and Uruguay led the left front in the region
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This victory comes, too, in the midst of the huge questioning of governments by Nicolás Maduro, Evo Morales and Daniel Ortega, labeled "dictatorial". But López Obrador began to distance himself from these extremes and assured that in his government nothing will be imposed by force.
"The New Nation Project Will Seek Genuine Democracy, Not an Open or Hidden Dictatorship." The Changes Will Be Deep But With an Attachment to the Legal Order, "Amlo said in his first speech as President in front of thousands of Mexican citizens.
Left-wing leaders on the continent celebrated Obrador's triumph in Mexico and presented their Expectations
Evo Morales said the victory of the Mexican left "opens a new chapter for history of the dignity of the Latin American people ", and considers that it strengthens the integration of Latin America.
Nicolás Maduro declared that this election He supposes the triumph of "the truth about the lie and the hope of the Great Fatherland is renewed".
Similarly, the former Brazilian President, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, said, from prison, that "Mexico unites the nations of our continent governed by progressive and leftist policies, helping to strengthen the struggle for a free and sovereign Latin America. "
But in truth, could the victory of Ló Obrador represent this new leftist air in Latin America?
According to Rodrigo Salazar, coordinator of the Flacso-Mexico Masters in Public and Government Affairs, Lopez's triumph can be significant for the left. Latin America on a symbolic level, because the fact that this country joins these governments, at a time when some left-wing parties had left power, could be considered as warning that the resumption of this current in the region is approaching.
However, in practice, this election does not affect to a large extent, according to the expert.
"It is very difficult that the mere fact that López Obrador triumphed in Mexico is of any help to the left-wing parties in the region." Obrador does not have an internationalist vocation, he is not going to therefore not, for example, resume moribund initiatives and that have been promoted by the regional left as Unasur or any other type of initiatives that imply a unification or impulse to the regional left "
C & # 39; said Mauricio Jaramillo, an expert in international relations and international security at the Universidad del Rosario, stressing that Mexico has long since ceased to exert influence in Latin America, at least in the processes of # 39; s integration. [19659002] "I think the big problem for Mexico will be the relationship with the United States, and Latin America does not think it will be a high priority, stating that there will be an attempt to maintain what has been done as early as possible at the Pacific Alliance, but it is a very small area of Latin America. "
For its part, the US international analyst, Enrique Daza, is emphatic in clarifying: "López Obrador represents a very diverse coalition, not necessarily of the left: There are different ideological tendencies, I would not say a triumph of the left, but rather a defeat of the
Likewise, he believes that in Latin America one can speak of only one left, but it is diverse.
"I do not accept that these various things are classified under a single adjective. It is obvious that one thing is Maduro and another thing is López Obrador; One thing is Lula and another, Daniel Ortega, I will not put them in the same box. "
Gustavo Morales, Ph.D. in Political Science and Professor at the Javeriana University of Cali, also finds these differences on the left and believes that the Obrador Government is the opportunity to do so. a renewal
For Morales, two leftist alternatives have been proposed in Latin America: "The one that is the populist left of the overwhelming majorities that divide the country between two sectors, of which the biggest representative is Chavismo, is 39, that is to say the left of Correa, that of Ortega … the left that we could call Bolivarian and which has entered a deep crisis with the Bolivarian case and is used. "
The other left is proposed by Lulada Silvason the expert
" It is a left more in agreement with different social sectors and with a much more mercantile vision. He was in Brazil, Uruguay with Mujica and with Tabaré Vázquez, but he went into a deep crisis after Lula's imprisonment and the Workers' Party crisis, PT. "
Morales believes that if Obrador bets on the first option It is likely that the crisis of the left will increase, but if it is more oriented towards the second, it could be considered as an alternative to the projects of right which take place in Countries like Colombia and Argentina.
Precisely, Rodrigo Salazar believes that the elected president in Mexico is engaged in his campaign to "clean up" any association that he could do with the left Bolivarian and, in particular, with the Chavista. "López Obrador, even, would be wrong to approach these characters, especially at a time when, in particular, Maduro himself has already become a toxic figure.
Left weakened? Mauricio Jaramillo, the left in Latin America is weakened. "The tragic crisis in Venezuela has finally removed the legitimacy, and in many electoral processes on the continent, the Venezuelan issue has been instrumentalised and will continue to be instrumentalised."
Gustavo Morales also believes that "The damage that Venezuela has caused to the left in Latin America may be stronger than the damage that neoliberalism could have caused it, because it assumes that the left is summarized in the Venezuelan case and that the Left has no credible project for society. "
Therefore, considers Morales, it is important that the experience of López Obrador succeeds in overcoming this stereotype.
The analyst considers that it is true that the left was reduced from what it was 99 with the arrival of Chavez to power, c & # 39; is also that "neoliberalism is no easier, was a failed project, made the crisis and the new For what you consider, it is a moment of uncertainty, where neither the right nor the left have the solutions required by Latin America.
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