Women with male twins can end up paying a price



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(Newser)

Women with a twin brother do not succeed as well in school and earn less money than women with a twin sister, and a new study suggests that testosterone is one of the reasons. They are also less likely to get married and have children. Researchers see their brother's natural testosterone exposure in the uterus as a cause, New York Times reports. "Women exposed to testosterone have some of the most common educational problems associated with men," said David Figlio of Northwestern University, who co-authored the paper. The research, conducted by Northwestern and the Norwegian School of Economics, covers all people born in Norway in the last 12 years from 1978 to 1978: 728,842 people, including 13,800 twins. "No one has been able to study the impact of twins on their twin sisters on such a large scale," said a researcher in a Northwestern press release.

The study supports the idea that the twin is exposed to more testosterone via the amniotic fluid or blood flow from the mother shared with her twin. Men, however, do not seem to be affected by having a twin. Testosterone exposure may partly explain why women perform better than men in school, but not in the labor market. Time points out. Research has shown that competence is preferred in girls and trust in boys. Boys develop the self-control needed to succeed in school later than girls. And that before reaching the workplace, where other inequalities manifest themselves. Compared to those with a twin, women with a twin were 15% more likely to drop out and 4% less likely to complete college. % less children, by new scientist. At 30, they earn 9% less. (Read more stories from twins.)

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