Measles case confirmed in Iowa

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The state of Iowa has reported its first case of measles since 2011, the state's public health department announced Monday.

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This announcement comes as federal officials have reported more outbreaks among a record number of measles cases across the country, a worrying trend for a disease that would have been eradicated two decades ago.

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A northeastern Iowan national was confirmed infected with measles over the weekend, according to a press release issued by the Iowa Department of Public Health. Officials said that the individual had not been vaccinated and had recently returned to the state of Israel after a measles outbreak.

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Measles is a disease required by law that must be reported to the state's public health service, which in turn investigates the case to assess any more significant outbreak possibility.

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For the moment, public health is not threatened, say officials from Iowa, and the individual is collaborating on their investigation.

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"In the case we are investigating, we are working with potentially exposed people and we have not identified anything comparable to the large-scale displays you hear about in other places," said Dr. Caitlin. Pedati. Medical Director of the Public Health Department of Iowa and State Epidemiologist.

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Measles is a highly contagious and sometimes fatal disease that includes eye inflammation symptoms, fever, and a reddish, spotted skin rash.

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Pedati said the disease can spread quickly in a population and have serious consequences. Every infected person in every 1,000 will suffer from inflammation of the brain and about one in two will die as a result of a neurological or respiratory complication, she said.

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"Measles is a very contagious disease," Pedati said. "That's why we want people to really benefit from the good protection you can get with vaccines. This is the best way to protect yourself from measles. "

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The number of measles cases in the United States in 2019 has reached 555 cases – a record in the past five years, according to federal health officials.

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Ninety of these cases occurred during the second week of April, and 20 states reported incidents, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

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The six current outbreaks in California, New Jersey, Washington State and New York are linked to travelers who brought measles from other countries, where large outbreaks of measles occurred. produce, said the CDC.

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In New York, for example, as of April 11, 229 cases were reported this year, more than one third of the total number of cases recorded this year across the country. New York City officials last week declared a public health emergency and ordered mandatory measles immunization to end the epidemic of ultra-Orthodox Jews in Brooklyn, putting in place the most extensive vaccination order in the United States for almost three decades.

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In 2000, the federal health authorities declared that they had cleared the country of measles.

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Meanwhile, officials from the Iowa Department of Public Health are encouraging Iowan residents to make sure their vaccines are up to date.

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The CDC recommends doses of MMR vaccine against measles, mumps and rubella at 12 to 15 months of age and at four to six years of age. If an individual received both doses at that time, the vaccine is 97% effective in enhancing lifelong immunity, health experts said.

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"As long as you stick to the CDC's recommended schedule, you're in good shape," said Pedati, of the department. "There is no recommendation currently for any type of reminder for adults."

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If individuals do not know if they have received the vaccine or if the recommendations have changed during their lifetime, they are encouraged to contact their health care provider.

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In some cases, individuals may be recommended for another vaccine.

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"There is no harm in providing someone with an extra MMR," Pedati said.

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The Washington Post contributed to this article.

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About measles

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According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, here is some information to know about measles, a highly contagious disease reaching a record number nationwide.

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Signs and symptoms

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Symptoms of measles usually include:

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• Fever

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• Cough

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• Runny nose

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• red and watery eyes

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• Tiny white spots in the mouth, which appear two or three days after the onset of symptoms

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• Three to five days after the onset of symptoms, a skin rash occurs. It usually starts on the face at the root of the hair and extends down to the neck, torso, legs and feet.

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Transmission

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Measles is a virus that lives in the mucus of the nose and throat of an infected person and is passed on to other people by coughing and sneezing.

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He can live for up to two hours in an airspace where the infected person coughs or sneezes.

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Measles is so contagious that almost 90% of people close to an infected individual, but who are not immune, will be.

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Complications

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Measles can be serious for all age groups. Serious complications include:

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• One in 20 infected children will also develop pneumonia

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• About one in 1,000 children infected with measles will develop encephalitis or swelling of the brain

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• About one to two in 1,000 infected children will die from measles.

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Long-term complications include subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, or SSPE – a very rare but fatal disease of the central nervous system resulting from an infection with the measles virus contracted earlier in life. It usually develops seven to ten years after the infection, even if the person is completely cured of the disease.

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