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The names of the full moon date back a few hundred years to Native Americans living in what is now the northern and eastern United States. These tribes followed the seasons by giving distinctive names to each recurring full moon. Their names were applied to the entire month in which each performed.
There were some variations in moon names, but, in general, the same were common in all Algonquin tribes from New England west to Lake Superior. European settlers followed their own customs and created some of their own names. Since the lunar (“synodic”) month lasts about 29.5 days on average, the dates of the full moon change from year to year.
Here is a list of all full moon names along with the dates and times for 2021. Unless otherwise noted, all times are for the Eastern time zone.
January 28: Full Wolf Moon
2:16 pm EST (1916 GMT)
In the midst of the deep, cold snows of midwinter, the wolf packs howled avidly outside the Indian villages. She was also known as the Old Moon or the Moon after Yule. In some tribes it was a full snow moon; most applied this name to the next moon.
Full moon for January 2021: The “ wolf moon ” rises with the winter constellations
February 27: Full snow moon
3:17 am EST (0817 GMT)
Usually the heaviest snows fall this month. Hunting becomes very difficult and therefore for some tribes it was the full moon of hunger.
March 28: Full Worm Moon
2:48 p.m. EDT (6:17 p.m. GMT)
In this month, the soil is softening and earthworms reappear, inviting the return of blackbirds. The northernmost tribes knew this as the Crow’s Full Moon, when the croaking of crows signals the end of winter, or the Full Crust Moon because the snow cover becomes crusted from the thaw during the day and frost at night. The full sap moon, marking the moment when maple trees are tapped, is another variation.
It is also the paschal full moon; the first full moon of spring. The first Sunday following the Paschal Moon is Easter Sunday, which will indeed be observed a week later on Sunday April 4.
April 26: Full pink moon
11:32 pm EDT (0332 April 27 GMT)
One of the first widespread flowers of spring is the pink or wild soil phlox. Other names were the full moon of sprouting grass, the egg moon, and – among the coastal tribes – the full moon of fish, when shad came upstream to spawn.
May 26: Full moon of flowers
7:14 a.m. EDT (11:14 a.m. GMT)
Flowers are abundant everywhere. It was also known as the Corn Plantation Full Moon or Milk Moon. The moon will also be at perigee, the closest point to Earth in its orbit, about nine hours earlier, at 10 p.m. EDT on May 25, at a distance of 222,023 miles (357,311 kilometers) from Earth. It will be the closest “super moon“of 2021. Very high ocean tides can be expected from the coincidence of perigee with the full moon.
And finally, the moon will undergo a total lunar eclipse, which will favor the western half of the United States and Canada, Totality will be unusually short, lasting only about 15 minutes. It will be the only total lunar eclipse of the year, with only a partial lunar eclipse to follow in November.
Related: Amazing photos of the “ Blood Wolf Super Moon ”
June 24: Full moon with strawberries
2:40 p.m. EDT (1940 GMT)
Known to all Algonquin tribes. The Europeans called it the Rose Moon.
Related: Soft! Rare ‘Minimoon’ Strawberry Makes Great Photos
July 23: Full Buck Moon
10:37 p.m. EDT (0237 July 24 GMT)
When new deer antlers grow from their foreheads in velvety fur coverings. It was also often called the full thunder moon, with thunderstorms now being the most common. Sometimes this is also called the full hay moon.
August 22: Sturgeon full moon
8:02 a.m. EDT (12:02 GMT)
At this time of year, this large fish from the Great Lakes and other large bodies of water like Lake Champlain is most easily caught. Some tribes knew it as the Full Red Moon because the moon rises reddishly through a sultry haze. Other variations include the green corn moon or the grain moon.
The August full moon will also be a “blue moon,” as recognized by the original arcane rules of the now defunct Maine Farmers Almanac. Normally, each season contains three full moons. Sometimes, however, four full moons can be grouped into a season. When this happens, the third full moon has been referred to as the “blue moon”. During the 2021 summer season, there are four full moons: June 24, July 23, August 22, and September 20. This is the third full moon of the summer season. (The most common and widely accepted definition of a “blue moon” is a second full moon in a single calendar month.)
September 20: Full Harvest Moon
7:55 p.m. EDT (11:55 p.m. GMT)
Traditionally, this designation goes to the full moon which occurs closest to the fall (fall) equinox – which is most often in September. On average, the October harvest moons occur at three-year intervals, although the period can be quite variable, and there may be situations where up to eight years may elapse (the next example of this type will occur between 2020 and 2028).
At the height of the harvest, farmers can work at night in the light of this moon. Usually, the full moon rises an average of 50 minutes later each night, but for the few nights around the Harvest Moon, the moon seems to rise at almost the same time each night: only 25 to 30 minutes later across. the United States, and only 10 to 20 minutes later for much of Canada and Europe. Corn, pumpkins, squash, beans and wild rice – the main staple foods of Native Americans – are now ready to be picked.
October 20: Full moon of the hunter
10:57 a.m. EDT (14:57 GMT)
With the leaves falling and the deer getting fat, it is time to hunt. Since the fields have been harvested, hunters can straddle the stubble and more easily see the fox, as well as other animals, which have come out to glean and can be captured for a post-harvest Thanksgiving banquet.
November 19: Full beaver moon
3:58 am EST (0858 GMT)
It is now it’s time to set up beaver traps before the marshes freeze to ensure a supply of warm winter furs. Another interpretation suggests that the name Beaver Moon comes from the fact that beavers are now active in their preparation for winter. This is also called the freezing moon.
The second of the year lunar eclipse occurs early this morning; an almost total eclipse with 97.4% of the moon’s diameter submerged in the dark shadow of the Earth at 4:04 a.m. EST (0904 GMT).
December 18: Cold full moon
11:37 pm EST (0437 Dec. 19 GMT)
December is generally considered to be the month when the winter cold begins to tighten its grip in the northern hemisphere. This month’s full moon is also called the long moon night because the nights are the longest and darkest. She is also known as the Moon before Yule. The term Long Night Moon is a doubly apt name because the midwinter night is indeed long and the moon has been above the horizon for a long time.
The midwinter full moon takes a high trajectory across the sky as it is opposite the low sun. It is also the smallest full moon of 2021 (a “micromoon, “or minimoon), since the Earth will reach its climax, at its greatest distance from Earth, on December 17 at a distance of 406,320 km. The moon will appear 14% smaller than the full moon on May 26.
Joe Rao is an instructor and guest speaker at the Hayden Planetarium in New York. He writes on astronomy for Natural History magazine, Farmers’ Almanac and other publications. Follow us on Twitter @Spacedotcom and on Facebook.
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