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Light to moderate alcohol consumption may offer some protective benefits to patients with heart disease, suggests a new study. The research, published in the journal BMC Medicine, was drawn from a combined sample of 48,423 patients, thousands of whom had a history of myocardial infarction, angina, or stroke.
The team noted that lifestyle and eating habits play a major role in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease, but that the impact of alcohol consumption on patients’ prognosis remains uncertain and recommendations for upper limits of consumption vary widely under different guidelines.
“Although light to moderate alcohol consumption is associated with a lower risk of developing several cardiovascular problems in general population cohorts, it is difficult to extend advanced cardioprotective effects to patients with CVD in because of their generally older age and compromised vascular system than the drugs they take to prevent side events, ”the researchers wrote.
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Among the patient sample, former drinkers were separated from current drinkers, the latter being divided into three groups of weak drinkers, medium drinkers and heavy drinkers. Patients were followed until death or until the first cardiovascular event detected.
An analysis of three large cohorts as well as those of 12 published studies found J-curve relationships between alcohol consumption and mortality in people with cardiovascular disease. The greatest reduction in all-cause mortality was observed in patients with low alcohol consumption.
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“In summary, our study shows that an alcohol consumption of up to about 105 g (or the equivalent of 13 UK units, with one unit equal to half a pint of beer / lager / cider, half a glass of wine or a measure of spirits) a week is associated with lower risks of mortality and subsequent cardiovascular events in patients with CVD, “the team wrote. “Although this threshold is somewhat lower than those recommended in most current guidelines, specific recommendations regarding the downward revision of these guidelines cannot be made.”
They further suggested that current drinkers may not need to stop drinking for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease, but rather be informed that lower drinking levels may be associated with reduced risks. . Patients who do not drink, however, should not be encouraged to take a light drink.
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The research team noted that the study had limitations and said the results should be interpreted with caution “when dealing with subgroups that have only been examined in a limited number of studies. “.
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