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According to a new study, a 5,000-year-old grave discovered in Poland would have been filled with members of the extended family and buried by someone who knew them.
The tomb, filled with 15 individuals belonging to the so-called culture of Amorpha Globular, was discovered by archaeologists in 2011 near the village of Koszyce in southern Poland.
A DNA analysis of the ancient remains revealed that the 15 victims – who had their heads broken – were tied up and that people were buried next to their loved ones, according to the findings published Monday in the journal PNAS.
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The researchers used the teeth and petrous bones of the remains to analyze their DNA.
They discovered that there were four nuclear families among those buried, comprising eight men and seven women. After studying their relationships, the scientists then looked at how they had been buried.
The researchers found that the 15 skeletons found at this 5,000-year-old burial site were all related to each other. The burial site was discovered in 2011 near the village of Koszyce in southern Poland.
(CNA (2016) Konopka T, Szczepanek A, Przybyła MM, Włodarczak P https://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?author=T+Konopka&author=A+Szczepanek&author=MM+Przyby%C5%82a&author = P + W% C5% 82odarczak & title = Proof + of + interpersonal + violence + or + a + special + funeral + rite + in + the + neolithic + multiple + burial + of + Koszyce + in + south + Poland% E2% 80% 93a + forensic analysis + publication_year = 2016 & journal = Anthropol + Rev & volume = 79 & pages = 69-85)
"Close relatives were buried next to each other: a mother was buried in the cradle of her child and brothers and sisters were placed side by side," the scientists wrote. "Obviously, these people were buried by people who knew them well and who carefully placed them in the grave according to their family relationships."
The researchers also found that older fathers and men "were mostly missing" among the remains "suggesting that perhaps they were the ones who buried their parents". It also suggests that the men were gone when their loved ones were slaughtered, which would have made the vulnerable.
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According to the researchers, the way in which they placed their deceased parents shows how much people valued families in their culture – an assumption that could only be assumed
"It is clear from the judicious placement of bodies in the grave that family relationships, both nuclear and familial, have been instrumental in the way people have organized their lives and that these relationships have represented major normative values in the communities of Canada. 39, global amphora of this period, "said scientists. wrote.
"Although it has often been suggested that structures of the nuclear and / or extended family are important in many prehistoric societies, the archaeological and genomic data that we have presented here provide concrete evidence that it is was good, "added the researchers.
The scientists also discovered that the people buried were genetically different from the neighboring populations – known as Corded Ware groups – who were spreading in the area at the time of the massacre.
"Although the cause of the massacre is unknown, it is possible that it is related to the expansion of the Corded Ware groups, which may have resulted in a competition for resources and violent conflict," the authors wrote. scientists.
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