How to properly operate an electric car

"It's as impossible as trying to connect USB-C directly to MicroUSB." The fact is that each connector corresponds to a certain type of charging station and car brand. Thus, J1772 Type 1 and Mennekes Type 2 connectors are used for "slow" charging. The first one has become popular in Japan and North America and is supported by Smart, Chrysler, GM, Ford, Toyota, Honda, and Nissan. You're here. The second is used for AC charging in Europe and the United States – Audi, BMW, Daimler, Ford, General Motors, Porsche, Volvo and Volkswagen.

For a "fast" DC load in high power plants, standard CHAdeMo and CCS Combo 2. connectors are required, the first being distributed mainly in Japan and present on BD Otomotive, Citroën, Honda, Kia, Mazda, Mitsubishi models. , Nissan, Peugeot, Subaru and Tesla with adapter) and Toyota. But with the "second combo" work the German, Swedish and American manufacturers.

By the way, the "slow" mode 3 loading stations are equipped with Mennekes type 2 connectors, and the "fast" mode 4 connectors, the CCS Combo 2 and the CHAdeMo. Thus, they can charge the battery of the most common models of electric vehicles.

The electric car can not be physically connected to an unsupported connector. But even if you imagine such ingenuity, the station will simply not start the charging process.

"These precedents, though rare, were found in Norway, for example, where more than half of drivers drove electric cars." The main cause of accidents is mechanical damage to the battery. At the same time, the possibility of ignition during charging is minimal, as the electric vehicle and charger have several levels of protection and are equipped with many safety systems to prevent short circuits.

– No, because the electric vehicle and the charger have multi-level protection. The charging session does not start until the connection is reliably protected. In other words, the current disappears only when the electric vehicle and the charger are convinced that everything is safe. Conversely, when the connector is removed from the connector, the electricity stops flowing before opening. In addition, the electric car can be loaded in the rain and if it falls into a pond or pool (this happens elsewhere), no electric shock will occur.

– "Fast" charging stations are equipped with an internal cooling system designed for output power. From a technical point of view, the probability of overheating is minimal. If, in theory, the charging station overheats again, it will simply shut down. Just like smartphones or modern vacuum cleaners, there will be no harm.

– This situation is extremely unlikely. Again, thanks to the protection system of the station itself and the electric car, as well as the need to establish a reliable connection so that the current can pbad. In addition, the emergency stop button on the charging station is located on the charging station. In other words, the process can be stopped at any time.

– On "slow" AC stations, it is possible to power the battery in 3-6 hours, depending on the model and type of charger. On "fast" DC stations, the charge is much faster. On average, it takes 30 to 60 minutes. These stations are already part of the Belorusneft network in Minsk and in the regions.

"Ultra-fast" stations with a power of up to 475 kW are the "refueling of the future". It is planned to develop them in Belarus in the foreseeable future – until 2026. The high-speed charging of an electric vehicle over 250 kilometers of the next race takes about 8 minutes. These stations will be located in Minsk, regional centers and along major motorways. Each complex will consist of 5 chargers with a total capacity of approximately 2 megawatts. By the way, only one company in the world (Ionity) has set up "ultra-fast" stations in test mode. In addition, they are only supported by a few models of electric vehicles.

– It all depends on the charger installed in the electric car. For example, if the Nissan Leaf has a slow J1772 load of up to 7 kW, the electric car can only be recharged in an initial level charging station for 3 to 4 hours or in an outlet. from the house, which takes about 8 hours.

If only a CHAdeMO charger with a capacity of up to 100 kW is installed in the electric car, the battery can only be recharged in a "fast" charging station for 15 to 20 minutes (from zero to 80%). If we consider that they do not usually come to the service station with an empty battery, it will actually take even less time.

In the electric car, there can be two chargers – "fast" and "melena". In this case, you can use any station. Usually, such a configuration must be purchased as an option.

– The budget includes the cost of the charging station, design work and construction, taking into account the laying of the cable. And yet – the cost of renting a flat surface for the installation of "electric refueling". If you only take the "charge bar", the cost of the "slow" charging station is about 3,000 rubles, "fast" – 40,000 rubles.

– By the end of 2018, the same "Belorusneft" will cover the main motorways in the direction of the "capital sector" with charging stations for electric cars. You can power the battery every 120-150 kilometers, which will allow you to travel freely through Belarus with an electric car. Although not as fast as on a car with an internal combustion engine because the charging process takes even longer.

– The main cost element of the owner of the car is the fuel. Therefore, an electric car is a priori more economical. Thus, the cost of a car with an internal combustion engine per 100 kilometers in the combined cycle is about 12 rubles (AI-95 – 1.52 rubles). To charge an electric vehicle, even at home, it takes 3.7 rubles per 100 kilometers (1 kWh – 0.1841 rubles), and most charging stations do it for free.

With an annual mileage of 20 thousand kilometers, the owner of an electric car can save 1600 rubles. Annual savings of electric vehicles on the collection of the road – 150-200 additional rubles. In addition, a simpler electric vehicle device allows you to save on maintenance (oil drain, filters, spark plugs, timing, etc.) an average of 400 rubles per year. Thus, the potential owner of an electric vehicle can save at least 2,200 rubles a year.