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JavaScript is still by far the most widely used programming language by developers, and Python has cemented its place in second place ahead of Java, according to a large survey by developer tool maker JetBrains.
According to the JetBrains Developer Survey, JavaScript has been used by 69% of all respondents in the past 12 months, and 39% identified it as their primary programming language.
JetBrains, a Czech Republic-based technology company, is the maker of the official programming language for Android applications, Kotlin, and tools like the Java tool IntelliJ IDEA. Its State of the Developer Ecosystem 2021 report is based on responses from 31,743 developers, most of whom are professionals and employees.
The survey revealed that Python is more popular than the overall use of Java. A total of 52% said they used Python this year, compared to 49% who said they used Java. Last year it was 55% for Java and 54% for Python. However, Java is more popular than Python as the main language, with 32% reporting Java versus 29% for Python.
In 2022, the main languages developers want to learn include Python, Microsoft’s JavaScript superset, TypeScript, and Google Go made.
The top 10 languages in descending order were JavaScript, HTML / CSS, SQL, Python, Java, Shell scripting language, PHP, TypeScript, C ++, and C #.
The remaining languages in the top 20 included C, Go, Kotlin, Dart, GraphQL, Swift, Ruby, Rust, Groovy, and MATLAB.
The five fastest growing languages are Python, TypeScript, Kotlin, SQL, and Go.
An interesting but unsurprising figure is that today 80% of developers work from home, compared to 70% of developers working in the office before the Covid-19 pandemic.
JetBrains was particularly interested in developer trends in big data. Most developers don’t use a specific big data platform, but the platform that stood out was Google Colab, which is used by 19% of respondents.
When asked where their big data is hosted, 36% said internal servers, while 26% said it was hosted locally. AWS led the way with a 21% share from external vendors, followed by Google Cloud at 8% and Azure at 5%.
Unsurprisingly, Python has dominated among big data developers who use the Apache Spark analytics engine, with 66% citing Python as the language they use with Spark, followed by Java at 34% and Scala at 11%.
JetBrains has found a correlation between using Jupyter and Apache Beam notebooks with developers who use Google Cloud. Apache Spark and Apache Kafka were more commonly used by AWS developers.
The survey looked at the most popular tools and systems for each language. For C, the most popular IDE was Microsoft’s Visual Studio Code. On building systems, the most popular was CMake, followed by Makfiles. By far the most popular compiler was GCC, with 82% of C users naming it as the compiler, followed by Clang at 34%.
For C # developers, GCC also came out on top, but Visual Studio was the best IDE, followed by JetBrains Rider, while Windows was the dominant development environment. GCC was also the first choice for C ++ developers.
Most of the respondents (75%) attended university while 74% obtained a bachelor’s degree, 13% obtained a master’s degree and 5% pursued postgraduate studies. Just over half (54%) studied computer science, while 22% studied software engineering.
The top 5 languages learned were Java, followed by C, Python, C ++, and JavaScript.
JetBrains also asked which massive open online course platforms are the most popular. The top pick was Udemy, followed by Coursera, edX, Pluralsight, Udacity, Codecademy, Khan Academy, DataCamp, and Canvas.
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