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“By the time the AI comes back and tells you that, then we’ve reached general artificial intelligence, and you should be very scared or very excited, depending on your point of view,” said Dr Tegmark. “The reason I’m working on this, honestly, is because what I find most threatening is that if we build super powerful AI and have no idea how it works, no. ? “
‘A dialogue between man and machine’
Dr Thaler, who heads the new institute at MIT, said he was once skeptical about artificial intelligence, but is now an evangelist. He realized that as a physicist he could encode some of his knowledge into the machine, which would then give answers that he could interpret more easily.
“It becomes a dialogue between man and machine in a way that becomes more exciting,” he said, “rather than having a black box, you don’t understand making decisions for you. “
He added, “I don’t particularly like to call these techniques ‘artificial intelligence’ because this language masks the fact that many AI techniques have a rigorous foundation in mathematics, statistics and computer science.”
Yes, he noted, the machine can come up with much better solutions than it can despite all its training: “But in the end, I have to decide which concrete goals are worth achieving, and I can aim for ever more ambitious goals knowing that, if I can rigorously define my goals in a language the computer understands, then AI can provide powerful solutions. “
Recently, Dr Thaler and his colleagues fed their neural network with a wealth of data from the Large Hadron Collider, which crushes protons in search of new particles and forces. Protons, the building blocks of atomic matter, are themselves bags of smaller entities called quarks and gluons. When protons collide, these smaller particles squirt out in jets, along with any other alien particles that have coalesced out of the energy of the collision. To better understand this process, he and his team asked the system to distinguish between quarks and gluons in the collider data.
“We said, ‘I’m not going to tell you anything about quantum field theory; I’m not going to tell you what a quark or a gluon is at a fundamental level, ”he said. “I’m just going to say, ‘Here’s a bunch of data, please separate it into two categories.’ And he can do it.
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