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Scientists say that they are approaching at several stages in the development of a method that could prevent the extinction of northern white rhinos, of which only two animals are still alive.
According to an article published Wednesday in the journal Nature Communications, researchers have succeeded in creating embryos using white rhino sperm and eggs from a southern white rhino, a closely related subspecies.
This is the first time that hybrid embryos are created. The Czech Republic says it could provide a way to save the critically endangered Northern White Rhinoceros after the death of the last man, Sudan, in March
They plan to soon harvest the eggs from the two surviving female rhinoceros and to use preserved sperm. produce "pure" northern white rhinoceros embryos. Since the females, a mother and daughter named Najin and Fatu, are unable to reproduce themselves, the embryos would be implanted in a southern white rhinoceros substitute.
To increase the supply of eggs and preserve the genetics of the northern white rhinoceros. Diversity, scientists are also working on a second method that would cause the frozen cells of the skin of the dead animals to become eggs, a procedure that has already succeeded in mice.
Thomas Hildebrandt, of the Leibniz Institute for Zoological and Wildlife Research in Berlin The researchers hope that the first white rhinoceros in the north will see the light of day in about three years.
"We are quite confident with the technology we have developed," he said during a conference call with reporters detailing the research. the northern white rhino has become an international effort, with cooperation but also some rivalry between scientists and institutions around the world, including the San Diego and Cinci zoos. nnati
Some experts have however criticized the effort by stating that it arrives too late.
"I have no doubt that its purely scientific merit is laudable and could apply to the conservation of threatened species in the future," said Richard Kock, a curator of the Royal Veterinary College in Britain who has worked a lot in Africa. "But I'm afraid Nero is manipulating the white (Northern) rhino violently."
Kock and his fellow conservationists warned of the white rhinoceros subspecies, pointing out that his cousin from the South has returned to the brink of extinction and now has about 21,000 individuals .
Instead, they suggested that the work should focus on the safeguarding of other endangered rhinoceros species that may still be found in the wild. In addition, we do not have enough funds to conserve the other four rhinoceros species, all of which are more at risk of extinction than the white rhino, "said Bob Smith, director of the Institute. Durrell of Conservation and Ecology at the University of Kent, England
Hildebrandt insisted that the effort was worth it. "The northern white rhino has not failed in the Evolution, "he said." He failed because he was not bullet-proofed, he was shot dead by criminals who bought the horn because the horn cost more than gold. "
White rhinos were once abundant in Central and Eastern Africa.The disappearance of the rhinoceros left a void in the ecosystem of the region that could have significant impacts in the future, said Hildebrandt. "We have the tools to correct that."
C Esare Galli, whose Italian company Avantea has long experience in artificial horse breeding, said that recent advances in stem cell technology could help preserve rhinos. The team hopes that scientists will be able to produce new rhinoceros eggs from frozen skin cells within a decade
Jan Stejskal, spokesperson for the Dvur Kralove zoo in the Czech Republic, said a long history of rhinoceros conservation. I hope to travel to Kenya before the end of the year. They are still waiting for permission from the Kenyan authorities to carry out the delicate procedure of Najin and Fatu's ova removal.
While scientists are confident of being able to harvest eggs from both females, questions remain about risk for the few. Animal health.
"As scientists, we are very afraid that something unexpected will happen during this procedure," Hildebrandt said. "It would be a nightmare."
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