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More than 283.5 million doses of the coronavirus vaccine were administered worldwide on Saturday morning, with nearly 60.6 million people given the full two-dose regimen. A growing number of studies have provided additional data on vaccine effectiveness in recent weeks. Israel has shown that the Pfizer / BioNTech vaccine works just as well in real conditions as it does in clinical trials. The vaccine effectively prevents severe COVID-19, hospitalizations and deaths – even in the face of the UK mutation. British researchers came to similar conclusions, offering efficacy data for people who received only a single dose of the drugs Pfizer or AstraZeneca / Oxford. Separately, studies have shown that COVID-19 survivors develop the same immune response after one dose as people who have never had COVID-19 on two doses.
After nearly three months of vaccinations in North America, Europe, Israel and other countries, it’s also clear that the side effects are minimal. The most common side effects include pain at the injection site and brief flu-like symptoms, especially after the second dose. But researchers have learned more details about the side effects of the coronavirus vaccine in recent months. Now, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) just updated their vaccine guidelines with three side effects people should be aware of.
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Just days ago, researchers warned people that a specific mild side effect of the COVID-19 vaccine could appear several days after the first or second dose, rather than immediately: skin problems, including redness and rash. These side effects have been seen after Moderna jabs – especially after the first dose. They are not of concern and they tend to go away on their own within a few days.
The CDC made some changes to its coronavirus vaccine guidelines on Friday, adding three new side effects to the list. Initially, the agency described six potential side effects. Two are local (pain and swelling) and four are systemic (fever, chills, fatigue and headache), as noted below.
The new guidelines include nine possible side effects of the coronavirus vaccine. In addition to the pain and swelling in the arm where the shot is administered, people may also experience redness. When it comes to systemic reactions, the CDC has added muscle pain and nausea to the list. Muscle pain should not be confused with pain at the injection site.
These reactions indicate that the immune system is responding to the perceived threat – the vaccine – and developing immunity. Antibodies to the coronavirus should start to appear about two weeks after the first injection, and maximum protection is achieved about two weeks after the second injection.
The guidelines also provide helpful tips for dealing with side effects. “Talk to your doctor about taking over-the-counter medications, such as ibuprofen, acetaminophen, aspirin, or antihistamines, for any pain and discomfort you may feel after being vaccinated,” read the guidelines. “You can take these drugs to relieve post-vaccination side effects if you have no other medical reason that prevents you from taking these drugs normally.”
The CDC also reminds people that taking these drugs before vaccination is not recommended to prevent side effects.
After vaccination, people can use cool, damp cloths on the vaccination area to reduce pain and discomfort, and use or exercise the arm. Drinking plenty of fluids and dressing lightly can help reduce any general side effects that might appear. The CDC advises people to let their doctors know if these side effects don’t go away after a few days. If the redness or tenderness of the arm worsens after 24 hours, people should also consider contacting a doctor.
Information from the CDC on the side effects of the coronavirus vaccine is available at this link.
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