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Hepatitis is a liver infection that can affect anyone, regardless of bad or age. However, there are two types of viruses that can be transmitted to a child during pregnancy, Hepatitis A and B.
In the first case, the infection is rare, but it is generated at the time of "when the protection of the mother's womb and its antibodies no longer exists," explains the gynecologist-obstetrician specialist in maternal and fetal medicine from Clínica Vespucio, Dr. Francisco Díaz.
B, transmission can be avoided if the child receives the necessary medication from birth. "If the amount of virus in the mother's blood is very high, it is also necessary to indicate additional pharmacological treatment during pregnancy to reduce the risk of infection," says the specialist.
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In both types of hepatitis, most patients have no symptoms. In some cases only, there is a general malaise, with muscle aches, a loss of appetite, similar to the signs of an influenza. Yellow eyes and skin, very dark urine and colorless stools may also appear.
Who is at risk?
that does not cause major complications during pregnancy for the mother. However, if the child acquires it, "the risks are higher, mainly because of the high risk of contagion to other neonates nearby," explains the gynecologist.
Hepatitis B is more dangerous, for both mother and child, both of whom are at risk of developing chronic hepatitis and developing liver failure or even liver cancer. "Chronic infection is much more common in newborns, so it is more common that they develop these complications," says the doctor.
Recommendations
The spread of hepatitis A is called fecal-oral. which is acquired by ingesting food or water contaminated with stool. Therefore, as with all oral infections, it is essential to wash your hands before preparing food, before eating, after using the toilet and always drinking water.
On the other hand, the way to acquire hepatitis B results from contact with blood or body fluids of an infected person. To avoid contagion, it is essential to follow the same preventive measures as those used to prevent the HIV virus. Among them, the use of condoms, having one badual partner and not sharing syringes if they use intravenous drugs. For the prevention of infection of the newborn, immunoglobulins – antibodies against the virus B – are administered and the vaccine against the same virus is implanted.
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