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This Friday July 6 we will be at our furthest point from the Sun during 2018.
On that day, the Earth will cross what is called aphelion ] word of Greek origin meaning "far from the sun"
"The aphelion is the point of the orbit of the Earth around the Sun in which the Earth is farthest from our star and the perihelion (near the Sun) it is the opposite point, that is to say the point of Earth's orbit in which the Earth is closer to the Sun. "Explains to BBC Mundo Nayra Rodríguez Eugenio astrophysicist and disseminator of the Institute of Astrophysics of the Canaries
" In perihelion, the Sun is about 147 million km from the Earth, and when it is in aphelion, it is about 152 million km from the Sun. "
The distance varies because the orbit of the Earth around the Sun is not a perfect circumference but elliptical.
In the aphelion, "the Earth is a little further, 5 million kilometers further from the Sun", than in perihelion.
Speed
The aphelion to be placed every year between July 2nd and 7th. Perihelion took place this year on January 3rd.
The greatest distance between the Earth and the Sun will be recorded on July 6 at 17:46 GMT, while the planet and its star are at 152,095,566 km.
The greater distance results in a lower speed .
As Keple's second law emphasizes, when the planets are close to the Sun in their orbit, they move faster than when they are farther apart.
The greater distance in aphelion means that the orbital translation velocity will be less than 103,536 km per hour, m to s of 7,000 km per hour less than the speed in Perihelie .
Seasons
The greater or lesser distance to the Sun during aphelion or perihelion does not relate to temperature variations during the seasons . ] "The stations are produced by tilting the axis of rotation of the T ierra relative to the aircraft that it describes around of the Sun, which is what we call the ecliptic, "said Rodríguez Eugenio
" This axis is tilted about 23.5 degrees and so we are in the northern hemisphere summer , the north axis, ie the North Pole of the Earth, points more toward the direction of the Sun. "
" On the other hand in winter, our North Pole points in the opposite direction, this is not exactly the opposite, as they are about 23.5 degrees, but they point away from the sun. "
More water in the Southern hemisphere
The summer of the northern hemisphere coincides with the aphelion, "but we receive more solar radiation here in the northern hemisphere because the sun is higher above the hour orizon and we also have more hours of sunshine, "says astrophysics.
In the southern hemisphere on the contrary, summer coincides with perihelion [19459] 010]
"This could make us think that in the southern hemisphere the temperature rises more than in the north in summer, because off the slope, the Earth is also closer to the Sun, "says Rodríguez Eugenio. But it's not like that
What's going on is " in the southern hemisphere Amount of Water and this makes the temperature not increase much ".
"This seems to be because the earth warms up much more easily than water and, because the southern hemisphere has a greater proportion of its surface covered with water, the water is more easily absorbed. excess energy is absorbed by it. "
Therefore, in summer, both in the southern hemisphere and in the northern hemisphere, the temperature is about the same, explained astrophysics.
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