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In less than a month, Peru will badume the presidency pro tempore of Pacific Alliance . This zone of shared integration with Chile, Colombia and Mexico since 2011 is transcendental both economically and commercially. However, it is also a mirror in which the country is hard hit today in badessing the sectoral stability of the last 18 years. A few weeks after leading this block, El Comercio badyzed the permanence of the holders of each of the existing portfolios in the four countries since 2000.
– At the bottom of the table –
From the government of Valentín Paniagua on the date, at Peru 150 ministers were changed more than the average of their peers from Pacific Alliance .
"They are undoubtedly revealing figures.They are a symptom of the difficulty of ministerial institutionalization and public policies in Peru.It is a country that has lived 18 years politically more agitated than Chile, Colombia and Mexico, "says Percy Medina, head of IDEA International Peru
while they went through a transitional government and another constitutional succession. Chile and Colombia experienced two reelections, discontinuous and successive, respectively. Mexico has been able to conclude three six-year periods of government
that political stability translates, at the same time, into the continuity of ministerial leadership. About 30% of ministers appointed to Chile and Mexico since 2000 have remained for more than half of the government administration. Colombia exceeds 40%.
"The first thing a minister does is diagnose the area. Sometimes it is not completely familiar with the portfolio and there is a high learning curve. If we talk about sound public policies and planning, high turnover makes it difficult, "warned Viviana Cano, representative of the Inter-American Development Bank in Peru.
Only 6.5% of the 276 ministers appointed in Peru since 2000 exceeded two and a half years of power. A constant rotation several times accompanied by changes in the directions or the technical teams of the respective portfolios
-Failure weakness-
In Peru, part of this ministerial suppression goes through the much discussed crisis of political organizations.
A review of the last six presidential administrations allows us to conclude that over the years, the proper frameworks, both technical and political, are becoming less important in the governments of the time. Today, for example, only one of the 19 ministers is active in the ruling party: Salvador Heresi. Neither President Martín Vizcarra nor Prime Minister César Villanueva are active in Peru for Kambio.
"It is a reflection of the crisis of the party system and does not only apply to the current administration, but in Peru this image has spread that ministers are fuse. it is easier to overcome a crisis by changing the minister than by entering into longer-term political arrangements.In the rest of Pacific Alliance there is also crisis, but there is more political support and experience, "says Medina
Thus, when the leader of a portfolio does not represent an badet with its own weight, your situation will be more vulnerable. from the outside
"I have lived a long time in Mexico [como funcionaria del BID] and I have never seen so much pressure from citizens or the media.There are changes, but they tend to answer only insurmountable problems.The names do not cover the agenda public, but long-term policies, "says Vice President of the Republic and extraordinary commissioner linking Peru to the OECD, Mercedes Araoz.
-Tape pending-
Yes Although Peru's entry into the OECD is not directly dependent on the level of rotation of ministers, the sources consulted for this report agree that the Cross-cutting effect of greater policy continuity will help achieve the goal. In this sense, reducing the average time of permanence in portfolios such as education, health or work with the other countries of the Pacific Alliance would be a first step. public, one of the most important elements is the long-term consistency. A fundamental challenge for Peru is that the institutions that make up its center of government consolidate and reach higher levels of coordination, because many policies aimed at reducing gaps cover more than one portfolio, "says Cano
]. , announced last month, Peru became the last of the countries of Pacific Alliance to attempt this possibility. "And we are ready to begin the procedure of access," adds Araoz
. In the meantime, the figures of ministerial stability in Chile, Colombia and Mexico mark another way forward.
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