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This Friday, July 6th, we will be at our furthest point from the Sun in 2018.
That day, the Earth will cross what is called aphelion a Greek word that means "far from the Sun" "
" The aphelion is the point of the Earth's orbit around the Sun where the Earth is farthest from our star and the perihelion (near of the Sun) is just the opposite, that is, the point of the orbit of the Earth in which the Earth is closer to the Sun, "explains BBC Mundo Nayra Rodríguez Eugenio astrophysicist and revelator of the Institute of Astrophysics of the Canaries
"In perihelion the Sun is about 147 million km from the Earth, and when it is in the aphelion it is about 152 million km from the Sun. "
The distance varies because the orbit of the Earth around the Sun is not a perfect circumference but elliptical
In the aphelion," the Earth is a little further, 5 million kilometers farther from the Sun ", than in perihelion.
Speed
The aphelion takes place every year between July 2 and 7. Perihelion took place this year January 3.
The greatest distance between the Earth and the Sun will be recorded on July 6 at 17:46 GMT, while the planet and its star are at 152,095,566 km.
The greater distance results at a lower speed As Keple's second law shows, when the planets are close to the Sun in their orbit, they move faster than when they are farther away
The Longest Distance in the Earth Aphelion means that the orbital translational velocity will be less than 103,536 km / h to s of 7000 km per hour less than the speed in perihelion .
Seasons
The greater or lesser distance to the Sun during aphelion or perihelion does not refer to temperature variations during the seasons . ] "The stations are produced by the tilt of the axis of rotation of T ierra with respect to the aircraft that it describes around the Sun, what we call the ecliptic, "said Rodríguez Eugenio.
" This axis is tilted about 23.5 degrees and so when we are in the summer of the hemisphere north, the north axis, ie the North Pole of the Earth, points more towards the direction of the Sun. "
" In contrast, in winter, our North Pole points in the opposite direction, not exactly to the 39, opposite, because it is about 23.5 degrees, but is oriented to the opposite of the Sun. "
More water The summer of l & # 39; 39, northern hemisphere coincides with the aphelion, "but we receive more solar radiation here in the northern hemisphere because the sun is higher above the horizon and we also have more d & rsquo; Hours of sunshine ", as e explored by astrophysics.
In the southern hemisphere, summer coincides with perihelion .
"This could make us think that in the southern hemisphere the temperature increases more than in the north in summer, because apart from the inclination, the Earth is also closer to the Sun," explained Rodríguez Eugenio.
But this is not the case
What happens is " in the southern hemisphere there is water ] and that makes the temperature not increase as much "
" This seems to be due to the fact that the earth warms up much more easily than water and, because the southern hemisphere has a greater proportion of its surface covered with water, the excess energy is absorbed by it. "
Therefore, in summer, both in the southern hemisphere and in the northern hemisphere, the temperature is about the same, explained astrophysics.
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