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According to the researchers, taking dietary supplements will not prolong the life of the patient, and high consumption may even be harmful.
In a study in the Annals of Internal Medicine, Scientists gathered information about the diet during face-to-face interviews with nearly 31,000 men and women aged 20 and over.
They also collected data on supplements used in the past 30 days, including type, dosage, and frequency of use. Just over half of the participants took supplements and about a third multivitamins.
Over a six-year period, 3,613 deaths were reported, including 945 for cardiovascular disease and 805 for cancer. Overall, after adjusting for other health and behavioral characteristics, they found that the use of dietary supplements had no effect on mortality. Adequate intakes of vitamins A and K, magnesium, zinc and copper were associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality, but only when the substances came from food products, not supplements.
The intake of 1,000 milligrams or more of calcium per day was associated with an increased risk of death from cancer, and vitamin D supplements at doses greater than 400 IU daily were associated with an increase in the number of deaths from cancer and from all causes.
"Dietary supplements do not replace a healthy and balanced diet," said lead author Dr. Fang Fang Zhang, associate professor of epidemiology at the Friedman School of Science and University Nutrition Policy. Tufts. "We should aim for adequate nutrition through diet rather than relying on supplements."
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