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On July 11, a neo-Nazi cell was completed in Germany, which in the early 2000s committed 10 murders and numerous robberies. The main accused was sentenced to life imprisonment.
After five years of trial, many gray areas persist, including the role of the intelligence services.
After 437 days of hearing and five years trial, the verdict fell. In the courtroom of the Munich court, Beate Zschäpe does not react. The 43-year-old woman, however, has just been sentenced to life imprisonment, the heaviest sentence in Germany, for creating and supporting a neo-Nazi cell called National Socialist Clandestinity (NSU). This group with anti-Semitic and xenophobic ideology murdered 9 people of Turkish and Greek origin, killed a policewoman, committed 15 robberies and 2 bombings, between 2000 to 2008.
The "high frustration families
Central figure of this trial, Beate Zschäpe is the only survivor of the trio behind this small group. Uwe Mundlos and Uwe Böhnhardt, his two accomplices, killed themselves in 2011 following a break. It was at this time that the existence of the NSU was revealed. On Wednesday, July 11, four other people were sentenced to between two and ten years in prison.
In Germany, "anti-Semitism is still there"
Whereas, this verdict was greeted with applause in the courtroom where families of victims, Turkish diplomats and far-right activists stood side by side. Outside, 150 people protested that the work of enlightenment would continue.
For Sebastian Scharmer, this verdict does not change the "high frustration" of families. This lawyer represents the children of Mehmet Kubasik, murdered on April 4, 2006, in Dortmund. "They are really disappointed because Beate Zschäpe did not answer their questions. They wanted to know why their father was killed. They are also frustrated because some tracks have not been followed. Other people are involved in these murders, the evidence exists " explains the lawyer
Unanswered questions
Frustration is also relayed by the badociation Turkish Community of Germany. "Angela Merkel and many others have promised the victims a full explanation. This promise was not kept " laments Gökay Sofuoglu, its president
He reproaches the Attorney General for having " limited to the theory of an isolated terrorist trio ". On Wednesday, July 11, in court, the protesters demanded that new criminal proceedings be instituted against "the NSU support network" . "Our Confidence in State Institutions Is Deeply Depressed" Gökay Sofuoglu Summed Up
After five years of trial, the unanswered questions mainly concern the role of the intelligence services. How could a neo-Nazi cell act for thirteen years with impunity? What role did the numerous informants play in this cell? Why could not they prevent the murders? What about the death of one of them and evidence destroyed?
Trial of a neo-Nazi group, Germany faced with the failures of its police
The various intelligence agencies involved [19659005] The lawyers denounce a "dysfunction between the various intelligence agencies" themselves characterized by a "institutionalized racism" . Sebastian Scharmer also believes that the German police have been negligent and discriminating against the victims, favoring from the outset the theory of internal settlements of the Turkish and Kurdish communities.
If the families of victims remain on their hunger however, some progress has been made since these revelations. The work of the intelligence services has been improved in favor of more coordination. Pressure has also increased to dismantle some networks, including the 10,000-strong Reich Citizens. In January 2018 also began the trial of a small group accused of committing bombings against refugee centers in the commune of Freital. In the army, too, the defense minister tries to clean up.
Insufficient, judge however Sebastian Scharmer. "Unfortunately, every day or almost, racist acts that can lead to murder still take place in Germany" explains this lawyer. "Right-wing extremist groups have changed structures but have become stronger. He regrets that "too little is being done against these cells and against racism in general" .
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German intelligence discredited [19659002In2012theneo-NazimurdercaseledtotheresignationofHeinzFrommheadofGermanintelligenceChancellorAngelaMerkelatthetimepromisedabroadreformoftheseservicesItsdecentralizedstructureneverthelessremainsthesametodayevenaftertheDecember2016attackinBerlin
The Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution, formerly headed by Heinz Fromm, is, at the national level, Internal Intelligence, while the Bundesnachrichtendienst (BND) monitors external threats. At the regional level, each Land has an independent intelligence service, subordinate to the Regional Ministry of the Interior.
Delphine Nerbollier (in Berlin)
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