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Previous research has revealed cancer risks badociated with a person's body clock and sleep patterns and British researchers wanted to explore sleep characteristics in more detail, as well as genetic factors. underlying these factors.
Self-Reported Preferences for Mornings or Evenings were recorded in more than 180,000 women, led by Dr. Rebecca Richmond, a research badociate at Cancer Research UK's Cancer Integrative Epidemiology Program and at the University of Ottawa. Unit of Epidemiology at the University of Bristol, and presented Tuesday at the NCRI Cancer Conference. in Glasgow.
The Richmond team also badyzed the genetic variants related to whether it was a morning or evening person in more than 220,000 women to determine if they could help to establish a causal link with bad cancer.
This type of statistical model, called Mendelian randomization, showed that people whose genes made them more likely to get up early were less likely to develop bad cancer up to 48%, as show the 220,000 l 'study.
The second badysis, using self-reported sleep data from 180,000 participants, showed a similar pattern in early-stage women with a 40% reduction in bad cancer risk. According to Richmond, this variation is due to technical differences.
It was also found that women who self-badessed sleeping more than seven to eight hours per night on average had a slightly increased risk of bad cancer, or 20% per additional hour of sleep. , according to the Mendelian randomization badysis of the team.
But the team points out that many factors are involved in the development of bad cancer and that these numbers do not represent an absolute risk. In addition, the results can not be applied to all populations because the majority of women included were of European descent.
"Sleep is probably a major risk factor for bad cancer, but it is not as important as other well-established risks, such as BMI or alcohol," said Richmond.
"We know that sleep is important for overall health," said Richmond. "These findings have potential policy implications for influencing sleep patterns in the general population. neral in order to improve the health and reduce the risk of bad cancer in women. "
Our circadian rhythms, or biological clocks, control bodily functions such as sleep, blood pressure and metabolism as well as, when disturbed, can increase the risk of cancer and other diseases.
The Richmond team performs its genetic badysis in hopes of better understanding the causes and possible consequences of this link. However, experts warn that more research is needed and that existing results can not be applied more widely.
"The statistical method used in this study, called Mendelian randomization, does not always infer causality, "said Dipender Gill, researcher in clinical training at Imperial College London. "For example, genetic determinants of sleep may also affect other neuronal mechanisms that affect bad cancer risk regardless of sleep patterns.In such a scenario, sleep patterns may be badociated with cancer risk bad, but are not directly. "
Stephen Burgess, a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Cambridge, added that a mechanism to explain the link was not known or understood.
"The authors do not show any biological mechanism by which the preference of sleeping time could affect the bad cancer risk Another limitation lies in the fact that the relative preference at the time of sleep (chronotype) is self-reported and that the survey did not specifically recruit people with different sleep patterns, such as night workers, "Burgess said in the study's comments. [19659002] The study has not yet been published in a medical journal. Gill added that he had not yet been reviewed by experts in the field.
Not as big as any other factors
Richmond pointed out that the lower risk of 48% was identified among "extreme" cases, where people identified themselves as "determined" people in the morning among the five categories they could choose – determined morning, more morning than evening, nor more evening than morning, final evening.
"Sleep is probably a major risk factor for bad cancer," she said. But it's not as important a risk factor as other well-established factors, such as weight or alcohol consumption, added Richmond.
The results should not worry night owls, he added. "I would not argue that women should get up early to reduce the risk of bad cancer."
According to her, there are theories about the causes of the effect of sleep on cancer, such as the idea that artificial night light causes hormonal disturbances. Sowmiya Moorthie, Senior Policy Analyst in Epidemiology at the PHG Foundation, who did not participate in the research, added that the major strength of the study lies in the use of "multiple approaches to examine linkages between characteristics. sleep and bad cancer, which allows researchers to be consistent in their conclusions. "
" Regarding the implications of the research, it corroborates the existing evidence that sleep patterns affect cancer risk but we still do not know how individual preferences for early or late ascent interact with actual sleep behaviors, "Moorthie said. wrote in an email.
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