Today in history: Nobel, from Will Alfred Nobel

KOMPAS.com – Nobel Prizes are awarded annually to a person who has merit or influences important results.

The Nobel Prize is also awarded to those who have contributed to society in various fields.

Do you know the history of this Nobel Prize?

123 years ago, on November 27, 1895, a Swedish chemist, engineer and businessman, Alfred Nobel, signed a will.

The contents of the will is a message to thank any influential person in the community.

Report of History.com, the successful businessman carefully considered using his wealth to support the work of scientists and inventors.

According to Alfred Nobel, the work of someone worth being appreciated and appreciated.

The life of Alfred Nobel

Nobel was born on October 21, 1833 in Stockholm. He is the fourth of the eight children of Emmanuel and Carolina Nobel.

Alfred Nobel comes from a poor family, while his father was an engineer and inventor.

When Nobel was four years old, his father settled in St. Petersburg, Russia, to work in the field of explosives production.

At the age of 18, he went to study in the United States and lived there for a year.

Nobel has decided to study the explosives, especially the use of nitroglycerin effective and safe.

In 1863 he found a detonator and developed it two years later.

The accident happened to Nobel on September 3, 1864. At that time, a nitroglycerin preparation warehouse exploded in Heleneborg, killing five people, including his youngest brother, Emil.

Finally, Nobel has decided to create another plant specialized in the improvement and stabilization of explosives developed.

His discoveries led Nobel to be named a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1884 and obtained the honorary doctorate degree from the University of Uppsala in 1893.

Read also: Biographies of world leaders: Alfred Nobel, scientists and Nobel laureates

The will of Nobel

Nobel was worried about how he would be remembered after his death.

He was even more convinced to give some of his fortune to the Nobel Prize.

Initially, Nobel wrote five awards in his will.

Three prizes for the greatest discoveries or discoveries in the fields of physics, chemistry and medicine. Meanwhile, the fourth is devoted to literary writers.

The fifth prize is awarded to those who have done the best work possible in the matter of brotherhood between nations and peace of war.

Meanwhile, the sixth prize, economic field, was added in 1968.

In the will, Nobel wrote less than 1,000 words containing a description of the donation plan funded by a large part of his wealth, worth 265 million US dollars.

On December 10, 1896, Alfred Nobel died as a result of a stroke at the age of 63. He is buried in the Norra Begravningsplatsen (North Cemetery) of Stockholm.

In his will, the Nobel nominated no one as the addressee of the will and did not consult the various institutions that had been designated to award the prize.

Three years later, the Nobel Foundation was created to materialize Alfred Nobel's greatest desire.

Finally, this award encourages someone to innovate further.

Read also: Will Alfred Nobel be exhibited for the first time

First price

The first Nobel Prize was awarded to the former Royal Academy of Music in Stockholm in 1901 for the fields of literature, physics, chemistry, medicine and medicine.

In 1902, the Swedish King Oscar II did not approve the attribution of foreigners, he focused only on national circles.

His attitude began to falter after understanding the importance of Sweden's appreciation. The Nobel Prize is awarded each year on December 10 to commemorate the date of the death of Alfred Nobel.

The applications that will be received are selected in stages by the authorized institution.