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Jakarta – Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered a disease in the adult. However, diabetes mellitus can also occur in children and adolescents, especially type 1 diabetes.
According to data from the Indonesian Association of Paediatricians (IDAI), the incidence of diabetes mellitus in children aged 0 to 18 years has increased by 700% over a 10-year period. The number of new cases of type 1 and type 2 diabetes differs between populations of different ages and ethnic distributions. From September 2009 to September 2018, 1,213 cases of type 1 diabetes mellitus were diagnosed, mostly in large cities such as DKI Jakarta, West Java, East Java and South Sumatra.
Dr. Aman Bhakti Pulungan SpA (K), president of the Center of the Indonesian Pediatric Association (IDAI), said the symptoms to watch out for if the child was suffering from diabetes mellitus eat a lot. Children with DM will be constantly hungry even after they finish eating. This hunger is caused by an insufficient amount of insulin, so that sugar can not be turned into energy. In addition to that, drink a lot.
"Children will be constantly thirsty because of the body's inability to produce insulin, a hormone that will dehydrate the body," he said in Jakarta on Wednesday (31/10).
Dr. Aman adds thirst, forcing children to never drink, taking into account the body's ability to properly absorb liquids. Children with DM will urinate more often than at normal frequency, especially at night. Although children often ask for food, their body does not get fat but tends to lose a lot of weight.
"This is due to the body's inability to absorb blood sugar, which causes narrowing of muscle tissue and fat.In addition to fatigue and irritability.The body of a child unable to The sugar contained in food makes him lose energy and feels easily tired, "he explained.
According to Dr. Aman, type 1 diabetes can not be avoided and everyone can experience it. In Indonesia, type 1 diabetes mellitus was first diagnosed in the 10-14 year age group with 403 cases, then in the 5-9 age group with 275 cases the under-5 group with 146 cases. over 15 years with 25 cases.
Dr. Cut Putri Arianie MHKes, Director of Non-Communicable Disease Prevention and Control (P2PTM) of the Ministry of Health, explained that diabetes is a non-communicable, non-curable disease. However, with good metabolic control, children can grow and develop like other healthy children.
"The metabolic control in question is to test blood glucose within normal limits or near normal values without causing blood glucose deficiency in children," he said.
To manage it, this can be done, among other things, by providing proper management of both insulin and medications, regulating the diet, exercise and education, and by monitoring blood glucose levels independently (home monitoring)
"For optimal metabolic control, this requires comprehensive treatment by families, endocrinologists or pediatricians, nutritionists, psychiatrists, child psychologists, social workers and educators," he concluded.
Source: Investor Daily
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