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Type 1 diabetes tends to appear in children or adolescents. Linked to heredity or a viral infection triggered.
Diabetics in Indonesia can reach 30 million people by 2030 if the lifestyle includes eating a lot and not reducing smoking.
Currently, people with diabetes – the third leading killer in Indonesia after stroke and heart disease – account for about 10 million people. The number of people around the next 10 years can be multiplied by two or three, said Dr. Susie Setyowati, consulting consultant in endrotrine, metabolic and diabetes in Jakarta.
Dr. Susie said that this chronic disease "can not be cured but can be controlled to avoid any complication".
How to prevent it is to maintain food intake, exercise and quit smoking, habits that can lead to complications, especially for heart patients.
"If you lose only 10% of your weight from now on, you can reduce the risk of serious diabetes," said Dr. Susie.
In the world, this mild and fast disease kills more than a million people each year – and no matter who can be touched.
This disease occurs when the body can not process all the sugar (glucose) in the blood. cause complications that can lead to heart attacks, high blood pressure, blindness, kidney failure and lower limb amputations.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the number of sufferers continues to increase and is currently 422 million people worldwide, four times more than 30 years ago .
Despite these risks, half of diabetics do not realize it.
But lifestyle changes can prevent it, in some cases. here's how
What causes diabetes?
When we eat, the body breaks down carbohydrates into sugar (glucose). A hormone called insulin, which is produced in the pancreas, then directs the body's cells to absorb the sugar into energy.
Diabetes occurs when insulin is not produced or does not work properly, causing the accumulation of sugar in our blood.
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Refined sugar increases the level of glucose in the blood.
What are the types of diabetes?
There are different types of diabetes.
Sure diabetes tIpe 1, the pancreas stops producing insulin, so that glucose accumulates in the blood.
Scientists do not know exactly why this happened, but they think it is genetically influenced or by a viral infection that damages the insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. About 10% of people with type 1 diabetes.
Sure type diabetes 2 the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or the hormone does not work properly.
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Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that allows the body to absorb glucose.
This usually occurs in middle-aged and elderly people, but also in overweight and immobile youth, as well as in people of some ethnic origins, especially in South Asia.
Some pregnant women can be diagnosed with diabetes gestationalwhen their bodies do not produce enough insulin for themselves and their babies.
According to several studies, about 6 to 16% of pregnant women will have diabetes. gestational. They need to control their sugar levels through a diet, physical activity and / or insulin application to prevent this from becoming a diabetes mellitus. type 2.
People can also be diagnosed pra-diabetes – an increase in the level of glucose in the blood and can become diabetes.
What are the symptoms of diabetes?
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Feeling very tired, always thirsty and urinating more than most are symptoms of diabetes.
The most common symptoms include:
- to be very thirsty
- urinate more than usual, especially at night
- feel very tired
- lose weight without doing anything
- thrush that continues to occur
- blurred vision
- wounds that never heal
according to British National Health Service, British Health Agency, the symptoms of type 1 diabetes tend to appear in children or adolescents and are more serious.
Those most at risk for type 2 diabetes are people over 40 (or 25 among South Asians); have a parent or brother with diabetes overweight or obese; from South Asia, China, the Caribbean and Africa or Black Africa.
How to prevent diabetes?
Diabetes depends on genetic and environmental factors, but you can help maintain your blood sugar levels by following a healthy diet and having an active lifestyle.
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Replacing refined sugar and whole grains with whole fruits and wheat is one way of controlling blood sugar.
Avoiding sweet foods and processed beverages and changing white bread and pasta to oats is a good first step.
Sugar and refined grains contain fewer nutrients because the fiber and vitamin rich parts have been absorbed. Examples include white flour, white bread, white rice, white pasta, soft drinks or sodas, sweets and breakfast cereals with added sugar.
The composition of healthy foods includes vegetables, fruits, nuts and wheat. Including healthy oils, nuts, fatty fish rich in omega-3. like sardines, salmon and bloating.
It is important to eat at a fixed time and stop eating before eating fully.
Exercise also helps to reduce blood sugar levels. The National Health System (NHS) of the United Kingdom recommends 2.5 hours of aerobic exercise a week, such as brisk walking and climbing stairs.
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It is important to avoid a sedentary and active lifestyle for at least 2.5 hours a week.
A healthy body weight will help the body lower blood sugar levels more easily. If you need to lose weight, do it gradually, between a half and a kilo a week.
It is also important not to smoke and control cholesterol levels to reduce the risk of heart disease.
What are the complications of diabetes?
High levels of blood sugar can severely damage blood vessels.
If the sugar does not flow properly into your body, the blood will not reach the part that needs it, which increases the risk of nerve damage (loss of taste and pain), loss of vision and pain. Foot infection.
According to the WHO, diabetes is the leading cause of blindness, kidney failure, heart attack, hypertension and lower body amputation.
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Diabetes is a leading cause of blindness, kidney failure, heart attacks, high blood pressure and lower body amputations, the WHO said.
In 2016, about 1.6 million deaths would be directly caused by diabetes.
How many diabetics?
According to the WHO, the number of diabetics has increased from 108 million people in 1980 to 422 million in 2014.
In 1980, less than 5% of adults (over 18) had diabetes worldwide – in 2014, the rate was 8.5%.
The International Diabetes Federation estimates that nearly 80% of adults with diabetes live in low- and high-income countries, where dietary habits are changing rapidly.
In developed countries, diabetes is badociated with poverty and the consumption of cheaper and processed foods.
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