The humanity, look in the sun

The imagination of NASA's solar probe "Solar Solar Probe" is expected to be launched next month. Approximately 6.20 million kilometers near the nearest distance to approach the solar corona (solar wind) to observe.

Moon and Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Pluto …. Humans have sent thousands of probes into space to look closely at the objects in the solar system.

NASA's spacecraft will be closest to the story next month, when it will be closest to Earth, but it is still unknown. And will launch a solar probe "Parker Solar Probe" that will observe the sun. The small probe will be launched from the United Launch Alliance (ULA) "Delta IV Heavy" rocket at Cape Canaveral Air Force Base 37, Florida, United States.

Parker Solar Probe's mission is a project to study various phenomena that occur in the sun, including the corona (the solar wind), which is the phenomenon of the release of plasma atmospheres from the sun. The name of the probe, Parker, is derived from the name of the American astronomer Eugene Parker, professor emeritus of physics at the University of Chicago. He first proposed the current astronomical orthodoxy that "the sun's crown is heated by a small and innumerable nano-rash on the surface of the sun."

Through this solar exploration, we hope to obtain new clues about stars and stars as well as interactions between planets and the Sun. "The sun is the only star that we can observe closely," NASA scientist Adam Servo told Space Flight Center, "this will help us understand the principles of star operation and the origin of planets" . Alpha Centauri, the star closest to the solar system, is also about 440 million light-years away (about 9.46 billion kilometers per light-year).

The Parker Solar probe travels the elliptical orbit around the sun at 700,000 km / h and gradually approaches the sun. Finally, it is close to the point of about 6.2 million km from the sun's surface. Previously, in 1976, the "Helios 2" spacecraft had pbaded the sun near, but it was about 43 million kilometers. The average distance between the Earth and the Sun is about 150 million km.

This is the first time that a probe penetrates directly into the solar coronal plasma (ionized gas with electrons and protons, heavy ions, etc.), of more than 1.5 million. degrees Celsius, to observe the sun. As the plasma gas density is low, the actual surface temperature of the probe is about 1300 degrees. The surface of the probe is covered with a shield made of carbon composite material, with a thickness of 11 cm, to avoid damaging the equipment due to heat and solar radiation . This allows the temperature inside the probe to remain at 29 degrees. Parker Solar probes are equipped with electromagnetic fields and plasmas, instruments capable of observing high energy particles and cameras capable of capturing the appearance of the solar wind. These devices provide accurate observations of atmospheric temperature, surface temperature, and sunlight. How to move energy through the crown, accelerating the solar wind and high energy particles, why the solar atmosphere is three times warmer than the sun, and so on. It also helps predict changes in the cosmic environment that can affect the Earth, such as telecommunications breakdowns and radiation damage.
In 2020, the European Space Agency (ESA) will launch the first Solar Orbiter, the Solar Orbiter. The Solar Orbiter keeps the sun inside the orbit of Mercury. It is possible to observe the sun 24 hours a day. Eric Christian, researcher at NASA's Spaceflight Center, "hopes that Parker Solar Probe and Solar Orbiter will work together to observe the sun from different angles, so that they can complement each other."

Song Kyung- [email protected]