Who will live … We found 'Secret Lake & # 39; on Mars – Chosunbiz

[오늘의 세상] Four-year radar data badysis by an Italian scientist
A large underwater fluid 1.5 km under the Antarctic ice cap was identified

A red planetary Mars in the solar system found a lake with of liquid water. This is the first time that a large amount of liquid water has been found, although there have been traces of water or traces of water vapor. water on Mars.

A team of researchers from the Italian National Institute for Astronomical Research, Roberto Orosei, said Thursday at a press conference in Rome that "Mars observes Mars Explorer According to data badysis , we confirmed that there is a lake with a diameter of 20 km under 1.5 km of ice cover in the region from 81 degrees south latitude to 193 degrees south of Tokyo near the Antarctica from Mars. "The depth of the water has been estimated at least 1 m. The results of the study were published in the international journal Science.

◇ Identification of a lake under ice by radar

MasExpress is a member of the European Space Agency (ESA) and Russia C is a Mars probe developed jointly by the Federal Space Agency. It was launched on Mars in 2003. The researchers badyzed data from the Mars Express Antarctic Mars survey with radar equipment MARSIS 29 times from 2012 to 2015.

The principle is easy to understand when we consider the echo. When Mars Express crosses Mars and emits a radar, it thinks first from the ice cover of the surface. The radar wave that crosses the ice sheet is reflected by the underground rock. At this time, the reflection wave is much weaker than that reflected by the Earth's surface. In one area, the researchers took stronger reflections than the reflections of the bedrock. Scientists explain that if liquid water under the ice layer is present, the current is better and the reflected waves stronger than the bedrock.

The researchers concluded that the radar reflector was a lake,. Scientists have discovered about 400 underground lakes in terrestrial Antarctica in the same way. Scientists believe that the bottom of the ice sheet melts slightly by the force of the upward pressure, forming a huge lake.

The temperature of the South Pole of Mars is minus 68 degrees Celsius. The south pole of the Earth is minus 60 degrees. Nevertheless, it is because of the salinity that water can exist in the liquid state under the ice cover in two places. Salinity can lower the freezing point of water. Scientists believe that sodium, magnesium and calcium found on the surface of Mars can lower the freezing point of water to minus 74 degrees

◇ Potential to find life on Mars ]

It is an essential condition of life. Water is the best solvent for dissolving many materials and can provide the materials needed for life. Hydrogen and oxygen, which constitute water, generate an energy flow and become the skeleton of life. Scientists say that Jupiter 's Europa satellite and Saturn' s Kelladus satellite are most likely to be found in the solar system because the ocean has been identified as a thick layer of ice.

I believe that the possibility of finding life in the underground lake of Mars as far as microorganisms are found is high. In 2014, a team of 15 colleagues from five countries discovered 3931 species of water-borne microorganisms collected from Wallace Lake, 800 meters below the Antarctic ice. However, water intake from Mars Lake is possible in the 2030s. Mars planes planned for this year to the 2020s are unable to drill the Mars ice. Finally, the astronaut must go out. The United States and Europe plan to operate drilling equipment and astronauts directly on Mars in the 2030s. Space X, the US space company, is also preparing for manned space exploration at the same time.

The general director of Ilon Maersk Space X claims that humanity needs to build a second home on Mars. In this regard, the underground lakes discovered on Mars this time raise the possibility of human migration to Mars. "Water is a living water for astronauts and can produce propellants and oxidants," said Dr. Choi Young-joon of the Korea Astronomical Observatory. "If we can get such important materials outside the Earth, space exploration will be much more efficient.