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There is a misconception that coronary heart disease is more common in men. From this perspective, women draw less attention to heart health and rarely visit cardiologists who are at risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
In fact, cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction, are the leading cause of death in the world. More than 8.6 million women worldwide die from cardiovascular disease each year – more than women die of oncology and other diseases.
Krista Lesiņa, resident of Riga Stradins University, in Cardiology (University Hospital Pauls Stradiņš), informs cardiovascular risk factors, the peculiarities of these diseases in women and what to do for prevention.
The risk of cardiovascular disease in men and women increases with age badociated with both increased risk factors (high blood pressure, high blood pressure) cholesterol, sedation, etc.) and with the effects of long-term various adverse internal and external factors on the metabolism that promotes tissue aging, vascular wall damage and vascular atherosclerotic changes. There are various cardiovascular risk factors – those that we can change and those that we can not influence.
Risk Factors Affected
Includes smoking, hypertension (over 140/90 mm) mild fluke (mmHg)),
dyslipidemia or high blood cholesterol : total blood cholesterol greater than 5 millimoles per liter (mmol / l), low blood density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in the blood greater than 3 mmol / l – with Physicians evaluate LDLH for each individual, depending on the risk cardiovascular disease, as rates may vary. Cholesterol is affected not only by its level but also by many other factors and diseases: age, smoking, diabetes, high blood pressure, genetic predisposition, impairment of function kidney. The risk factor is also elevated triglycerides (TG) in the blood greater than 1.7 mmol / l, as well as blood levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (ABLH) lower than 1.0 mmol / l at males and less than 1.2 mmol / l in women. The risk of cardiovascular disease is also indicated by weight gain, which is based on body mbad index (BMI). It is calculated using the formula: BMI = weight (kg): height (m) 2; BMI 25-29.9 means overweight, but a BMI greater than 30 means obesity. Obesity is also evidenced by the waist circumference, though it is over 102 cm for men, 88 cm for women. Other factors: unhealthy and unhealthy diet, sedentary lifestyle, diabetes mellitus, glucose tolerance, chronic renal failure
Unaffected risk factors
This is a combination of: age, gender, ethnicity, hereditary socio-economic status, early cardiovascular events in family history (males up to age 55, women under 65), previous or existing cardiovascular disease .
Particularities of the Woman
Risk Factors in Particular Increases the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in Women, There is Diabetes – Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes at Any Age; smoke high blood pressure; Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the blood – especially it starts to increase after menopause; as well as triglycerides in the blood, which are higher in women of all ages than in men, and with the increase in age and weight, triglycerides and total cholesterol tend to increase.
the risk of cardiovascular disease will increase. Stop smoking reduced by 50% over two years.
The infarction and development of stroke are triggered by atherosclerosis or constipation of the blood vessels. When developing a plaque of atherosclerosis, a blood clot can clot, blocking certain vital blood vessels, causing a heart attack or stroke. Atherosclerosis is similar in both males and females, but the age and response to treatment are different in both bades.
In postmenopausal women, the process of atherosclerosis is less pronounced than in males of the same age. In contrast, after menopause, the development of atherosclerosis in women is more pronounced than in men, increasing the risk of heart attack and stroke. The female bad hormone estrogen receives high density lipoprotein cholesterol. Because estrogen formation is the most active in the reproductive age, women are more vulnerable to coronary heart disease before menopause. Since estrogen has a protective effect on the heart's blood vessels, early hormone replacement therapy up to the age of 40 also plays an important role in maintaining cardiovascular health. Menopause is badociated with the progression of atherosclerosis and a wider range of cardiovascular events, reaching a peak in the 80-90 age group, when about 35% of all cardiovascular events are obstructed.
Risk of Infestation and Stroke in Women Compared to men, he is about ten years old, that is to say, a 50-year-old man has a similar risk of heart attack and stroke than a 60-year-old woman. Men are usually the first to have an infarction, but women are victims of a stroke.
Women with coronary artery disease have a lower score than men. Statistics show that women die in 16% of cases, while men die in 11% of cases. In contrast, a woman who has already had a myocardial infarction, particularly diabetes, has a twice as high risk of cardiovascular disease (stroke or stroke) as a man in the same situation.
Symptoms of the heart and blood vessels include pain Women often have high abdominal pain, shoulder blade pain, unusual fatigue, weakness, sleep disturbances, palpitations, and a feeling of heaviness in the muscles. hands. Concomitant diseases are also more common: diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure, heart failure, stroke, leading to more cardiovascular complications
Diabetic women should pay more attention to cardiovascular health. People with diabetes are two to four times more likely to develop cardiovascular disease, and diabetes has a much greater impact on the development of these diseases than women in men. With diabetes mellitus, the so-called protective factor of cardiovascular health, which is most likely related to the beneficial effects of estrogen on cardiovascular health, is neutralized in women. It has not yet been shown why heart disease in women with diabetes is growing faster and their manifestations are heavier, but there are badumptions that this is due to the disruption of balance hormone. Some studies have shown that women with diabetes have lower estrogen levels and higher levels of testosterone in their blood.
What can we do?
The main goal is to prevent cardiovascular risk factors. Do not smoke, be physically active, choose balanced meals, eliminate greasy and unhealthy foods from the menu, regularly measure blood pressure, lower blood cholesterol levels, contact your doctor in a timely manner and if necessary, perform additional tests and use drugs carefully. The foundation of heart and blood vessel health is thoughtful eating, physical activity and smoking cessation. Moreover, he is now in fashion. To succeed!
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