World Bank economist on reforms: incentives not to emigrate to Lithuania are down



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S.Jankov s spoken Monday at a conference organized by the Lithuanian Institute of Free Market (LFMI), the Ministry of Economy and Heritage Foundation in Vilnius .

According to the rapporteur, the decisions to introduce a personal income tax rate is higher than the income cap of Sodra and the payment of the state supplement to the second pillar pension fund is over

"Let's say you're political and believe that inequality is increasing. What are you doing Lithuania has just introduced a progressive tariff. Other governments in Europe have made similar decisions. Why is this happening? Maybe politicians are not smart, maybe they think that these solutions will help solve the problem of inequality.

Changes in the pension system are also under way in Lithuania. I understand that the second step will be weakened. These two decisions have something in common with the fact that they are based on incorrect interpretations. It is badumed that the state must ensure a certain social minimum for everyone. Helping the poorest part of society, "he said.

S. Djankov noticed that in the opposite direction, only southern Europe, once criticized for laziness, the long holidays, etc.

"Italy and Spain enact tax and labor laws that encourage people to work and work longer. I think that the decisions taken in Lithuania reduce the incentive to work, because now the state's contribution to the pension fund disappears.

Suppose a person in Lithuania is 20-30 years old and the government makes such a decision. This means that the incentive to work in this country has just fallen. But in Sweden, Denmark, there is still state aid to pension funds, Poland has recently lifted them, so why not go to the wall and not work there? – 1965-19008 Suppose that one person in Lithuania is 20-30 years old and that the government takes such a decision. This means that the incentive to work in this country has just fallen.

S

DELFI recalls that the LFMI expressed its opposition to tax reforms and the pension system before their adoption in the Sejm.

The letter circulated to parliamentarians of the Institute indicated that the progressive rate of GPM would hinder the growth of the salaries of the best specialists and send a negative message to investors. and the result of the cancellation of the transfer of contributions to Sodra to second-pillar pension funds will be preserved and unreformed

Reform supporters, for their part, argued that the progressive rate of GTC would be introduced in exchange of the ceiling of Sodra, Sodra ", the abolition of the division of private and state accumulation will be canceled.

Three trends

The Bulgarian writer of S. Djankov also presented three important trends in his labor market that are relevant to him, not only today but also in the future.

"First, this current activity is based on much less physical badets than in the past. Previously, banks needed expensive buildings in inner cities, so their customers realized that they were reliable. Today, it is no longer necessary, electronic banking works better and much faster.

This may be useful for countries like Lithuania or Bulgaria with good human capital, but their physical capital is lower than in other countries. "The second trend noted by the economist is the much larger dynamics of the business."

"Even today, even a small business can become a global phenomenon in a few years.In the past, for example, Ikea needed about 60 years before becoming global in terms of Swedish phenomenon They needed to set up offices in each country, set up logistics centers, sales departments, etc.

In the new economy, entering or leaving the market is much faster. understand Lithuania, where bankruptcy procedures take a long time, about 2.5 years. "

Finally, according to S. Djankov, today's economy is flexible not only for not only companies, but also employees. "New technologies allow people to work from home or anywhere in the Internet, and decentralized work is becoming more and more possible. mond e for 20-30 years

Competition for workers, especially in Europe, is becoming increasingly fragile. This is the most important question that should worry the government – how to keep its own employees at home and attract them from abroad, "said the representative of the World Bank


  Simeon Djankov [19659020] Simeon Djankov </p>
<div clbad= © DELFI / Andrius Ufartas [19659025] Inequality and anxiety about jobs

S. Djankov said that when we discuss the future of the labor market, we pay a lot of attention to the various consulting companies that worry everyone, things change very quickly, jobs are on the point of disappearing, robots do everything, so we must be ready. Indeed, there is not an area where robots have begun to change the workforce of people. I think that because of this uncertainty (with immigration) we had the Brexit. In the United States, we also note that the "fear of the future", when industrial robots occupy jobs in industry or install in China, led the populist administration to power, he said.

"It should be noted that a few people at the top receive a lot of income, and many people are marginalized.At that time, jobs in the industry were dying, of 39, where employees have turned to part-time jobs with significantly lower wages.This attitude toward inequality forces governments around the world to make rather stupid decisions.

I do not think it's a good thing that most research is based on American data. Yes, it is a big economy and there are a lot of universities in it, but in other countries the situation is completely different, "said S. Djankov.

The United States also note that "future fear" when industrial jobs are occupied by robots or they will move to China, led to the rule of the populist administration.

S John McCain

According to the World Bank study, the trend is reversed in all countries of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, with the exception of the United States. United, United Kingdom, Canada and Australia. particularly vivid, there, and the income inequality decreases. Perhaps the problems of the Anglo-Saxon countries have appeared and will come first and foremost. "It is strictly forbidden to use information published by DELFI on other sites, in the media or elsewhere, or to distribute our material in a form without consent, and if consent is obtained, it is necessary to indicate DELFI as source.

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