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Scientists at the NYU School of Medicine have successfully reconstructed locks of hair on damaged skin by shaking the cracks between the skin cells that form the hair roots.
Scientists have examined the impact of different signaling pathways on damaged mouse skin from research centers. Research has focused on cells considered to be collagen-producing fibroblasts, the structural protein most responsible for maintaining the shape and quality of skin and hair.
They then activated the sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway used by the cells to communicate with each other. This pathway is known to be very active during the early stages of human growth in the uterus when hair follicles form, but is also blocked in injured skin in healthy adults.
The results demonstrated that hedgehog sonic stimulation of fibroblasts can trigger hair growth never observed in wound healing.
Cell Biologist Mayumi Ito, Ph.D. "For drugs, regrowth of damaged hair is an unmet need in medicine," says Ito, "due to the disfigurement of thousands of people with trauma, burns, and other injuries . However, its most immediate goal is to ask mature skin to return to its embryonic state to allow it to develop new hair follicles, not only on injured skin, but also on people who become bald as they get older. "
"Scientists have hitherto assumed that, as part of the healing process, collagen accumulation in damaged skin was at the root of its inability to regrow hair. "We now know that it is a signaling problem in very active cells as we develop in the uterus, but less in mature skin cells with age."
Among the findings of the investigation, one of the essential elements of the investigation was that no signs of hair growth had been observed on untreated skin, but on treated skin, which proves that Sonic by a hedgehog was at the origin of the development of the hair.
To avoid the risk of tumors revealed by various tests that activated the sonic hedgehog pathway, the NYU Langone group activated fibroblasts found just below the surface of the skin, where the roots of the hair follicle (dermal papillae) manifest themselves. Specialists have also been interested in fibroblasts in light of the fact that cells are known to help guide some of the natural procedures involved in recovery.
Hair regrowth was observed about one month after skin was injured in all treated mice, with the structure of the hair root and stem beginning to appear within nine weeks.
Ito said: "We plan to study how chemical and genetic stimulants of fibroblasts could activate the sonic hedgehog pathway in injured human skin."
The study is published in the journal Nature Communications.
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