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BEND, Ore. – A six-week transition period did not help users adapt to "maximum" running shoes, indicating that an increase in impact forces and load rates caused By the design of the shoe does not change over time, reveals a new study from Oregon State University – Cascades.
Shoes, which provide increased cushioning, especially in the forefoot region of the midsole, affect the biomechanics of runners, thus exposing them to an increased risk of injury, said Christine Pollard, director of Laboratory of Excellence Center for Research in Functional Orthopedics (FORCE), a co-author of the study.
"These shoes may be suitable for some people, but for the moment we do not know who they are good for," said Pollard, an associate professor of kinesiology at OSU-Cascades. "The results suggest that people do not really change the way they run in the skin even after a six-week transition, which potentially exposes them to an increased risk of injury."
The study was recently published in the American Journal of Sports Medicine. The lead author is J.J. Hannigan, a postdoctoral researcher in the FORCE laboratory.
Maximal shoes have been gaining popularity since their launch in 2010. More than 20 varieties of maximum shoes are on the market, but little research has been conducted on these shoes to understand their effects on the biomechanics of the operation. Controlled studies, such as the FORCE Lab, help clinicians make scientific recommendations to runners.
FORCE researchers had previously conducted a study of people running in the skin before and after a 5K treadmill race; The results of this study suggest that maximum shoes can increase impact force and load rates, indicating a greater risk of injury.
The new study was designed to build on previous research and see how a six week transition to maximum footwear could affect the biomechanics of runners.
"We wanted to go beyond any novelty effect of the shoe," Pollard said. "It's a whole new field and we have a lot of work to do to understand how these shoes affect race mechanics."
The researchers studied 20 male and female runners aged 18 to 45 who ran at least 15 km a week. Runners participated in two laboratory biomechanical testing sessions, each about six weeks apart. They completed a series of running trials with maximum shoes and traditional running shoes.
After the first practice session, the riders received a maximum shoe transition program to follow. They continued their current mileage but gradually increased the percentage of their mileage in the maximum shoe during the six-week period, the last two weeks only in the maximum shoe.
The results showed that there was no change in race mechanics over time in both types of shoes. The study showed an increase in impact forces and load rates in the maximum sole, which corroborates the results of the previous study. There was no difference in these biomechanics after switching to maximum shoes.
"The worry in the maximum shoes is that you have this mass that you load over and over. How do you mitigate that? Said Pollard. "We have also seen changes in the kinematics of the ankle or in the angular movement of the joints. With the maximum shoes, we have experienced prolonged eversion, which probably increases the stress on the legs and can lead to injury. "
More research is needed to understand how maximum footwear affects biomechanics, Pollard said. For the moment, runners and clinicians who work with runners should be cautious before switching to maximum shoes.
"We really do not know enough to recommend them," said Pollard, also a licensed physical therapist. "If someone wants to try them, I would suggest they try them on a treadmill in a running store to see what they feel." What they feel then is what they will feel in six weeks. "
Funding for this study came from Oregon State University – Cascades. The FORCE laboratory is specialized in studies aimed at preventing injury in athletes. It is a partnership between OSU-Cascades, the Association of Therapeutic Associates, the Center for Research and Treatment in Orthopedics and Neurosurgery and The Foundation.
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