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Brown fat could help get rid of harmful compounds related to conditions such as obesity and diabetes, scientists say.
The research, published in the journal Nature, shines one light at a time on brown fat, as well as compounds called branched chain amino acids (BCAA), which are part of the nine "essential" amino acids which are composed of human proteins. BCAAs – valine, leucine and isoleucine – come mainly from meat, fish, dairy products and eggs, and are also present in some fitness supplements. High levels of BCAA in the body have been linked to obesity, resistance to insulin and type 2 diabetes in humans and rodents.
When exposed to low temperatures, brown fat cells help turn heat stored in the body into heat. Sitting around the kidneys and adrenal glands and, to a lesser extent, blood vessels in the neck and cavities between organs, our brown fat level is highest in the uterus and decreases gradually during our first few weeks. weeks of life.
Tissue is thought to play a role in how the body reacts to heat and body weight control. Researchers have been questioning for a while on the possibility of inducing brown fats to burn more energy in order to combat obesity.
To study the relationship between brown fat and BCAA, the researchers studied 33 men. The participants were 23 years old on average. The tests revealed whether they had high or low levels of brown fat. The team exposed the men at temperatures of 27 ° C (80 ° F) and 19 ° C (66.2 ° F) for two hours. Then they analyzed the levels of BCAA in their blood.
The team found that men with high levels of brown fat were Levels of BCAA drop at the end of the tests. However, those with low levels of brown fat have not seen any change in their BCAA levels.
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The researchers also concluded that a specific protein called SLC25A44 is responsible for how quickly the brown fat transforms BCAA blood to create heat.
coauthor Labros S. Sidossis, professor in the Department of Medicine of Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchooHe commented in a statement: "Our study explains the paradox that BCAA supplements can potentially benefit people with active brown fat, such as healthy people, but can be detrimental to other people, including the elderly, obese people and people with diabetes. "
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