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INTERVIEW – For the American journalist Stephen Smith, the African migration hanging over Europe is the great challenge of the 21st century. According to him, the magnitude of the migratory pressure will put our continent to an unprecedented test, risking an irremediable fracture between the cosmopolitan elites and the peoples attached to their identity.
French American journalist, Stephen Smith directed the "Africa" section of Liberation between 1988 and 2000, then that of the World between 2000 and 2005. Since 2007, he is a professor at Duke University, in the United States, where he teaches African studies. He just published The Rush to Europe at Editions Grasset.
FIGARO. – Who are the migrants today?
Stephen SMITH. – With the exception of South Sudan, Somalia and Eritrea, which are countries in open conflict or true dictatorships, the bulk of migrants paradoxically come from countries that bring hope to Africa, such as Senegal, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Nigeria or Kenya. It is "emerging Africa" that migrates and not Africa of misery; those who are able to raise the money, 2,000 to 3,000 euros, the annual income per capita in many sub-Saharan countries. They are leaving in search of a better life for themselves and their children. On the other hand, those who are busy making ends meet on a daily basis have little time to become familiar with the world's march, much less the means to participate in it. …
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