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According to a new study published in Diabetologia (Journal of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes), being small is associated with a significantly higher risk of type 2 diabetes. The study shows that each Height difference of 10 cm is associated with a 41% decrease in the risk of diabetes in men and 33% in women.
The increased risk in small individuals may be due to a higher fat content in the liver and a less favorable profile of cardiometabolic risk factors, according to the study.
The small size has been associated with a higher risk of diabetes in several studies, suggesting that the size could be used to predict the risk of the disease. It has been reported that insulin sensitivity and beta cell function are better in tall people. The small size is related to a higher cardiovascular risk, a risk that could be partially influenced by cardiometabolic risk factors related to type 2 diabetes, such as blood pressure, blood lipids and inflammation.
This new study used data from 27,548 participants – 16,644 women aged 35 to 65 and 10,904 men aged 40 to 65 – recruited from the general population of Potsdam, Germany.
A variety of physical data were collected from participants, including body weight, total body height, and seated height (the length of the legs being the difference between the two), waist circumference, and blood pressure.
The link between height and risk of diabetes appears to be stronger in people of normal weight, with a reduced risk of 86% by 10 cm more in men and 67% less by 10 cm in women.
The authors say, "Our results suggest that small people may have higher levels of cardiometabolic risk factors and a higher risk of diabetes compared to larger people. These findings support the fact that height is a useful predictor of the risk of diabetes and suggest that monitoring of cardiometabolic risk factors may be more frequently indicated in small individuals, regardless of body size and composition. ".
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