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Vitamin B12 deficiency can occur if a person misses it. Vitamin B12 plays an important role in the production of red blood cells and vitamin deficiency means a lack of red blood cells. The red blood cells that are made can also be unusually large with a short shelf life. If the body does not get enough red blood cells, the tissues and organs are deprived of oxygen and cause symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency.
A symptom that could signal the disease is a fast heart rate.
Experts say that's because the heart can start beating faster to make up for the reduced number of red blood cells in the body.
It is the body's response to ensure adequate circulation of oxygen throughout the body.
Atrial fibrillation is the name given to a fast heart rate.
The NHS explains: "Your heart may feel like you're beating, beating or beating irregularly, often for a few seconds or minutes. You can also feel these sensations in the throat or neck. "
Heart palpitations may seem alarming, but in most cases they are harmless.
But if you experience it, consult your doctor, who can determine whether there is a vitamin B12 deficiency that is causing it or any other disease.
Other common triggers for heart palpitations include intense exercise, lack of sleep, caffeine, alcohol, and smoking.
Other symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency are:
- Feeling very tired
- Shortness of breath even after a little exercise
- Headache
- Reduced appetite
- A painful mouth and tongue
The health organization adds, "If you suffer from Vitamin B12 deficiency anemia, you may also look pale or yellowish (yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes).
"In addition to the symptoms of anemia, vitamin B12 deficiency can also cause nerve related symptoms. This is what is called vitamin B12 neuropathy. It can affect your movements and your feelings, especially in the legs, cause numbness, tingling and needles and decrease your sensitivity to touch, vibration or pain. It can also cause confusion, depression, lack of concentration and forgetfulness.
"These symptoms are not always due to iron deficiency anemia vitamin B12, but if you have them, consult your doctor."
How to avoid vitamin B12 deficiency
Adults aged 19 to 64 need about 1.5 micrograms (mg) a day of vitamin B12, and you should be able to get some in your diet.
Some foods contain vitamin B12 and Harvard Health Publishing, part of Harvard Medical School, lists the best dietary sources of this vitamin.
Here are five:
- Clams – three ounces contains 84mcg of B12
- Liver – three ounces contain 70.7 μg of B12
- Enriched cereals – one cup contains 6 μg of B12
- Beef – three ounces contains 1.5 mg of B12
- Egg – a large egg contains 0.6 μg of B12
- Non-fat natural Greek yoghurt – six ounces contains 1.3 μg B12
Who is most at risk for vitamin B12 deficiency?
NHS Trusts explains who is most at risk for vitamin B12 deficiency.
He says, "Vegans and vegetarians who consume fewer dairy products have a higher risk of developing vitamin B12 deficiency due to limited dietary intake.
"Elderly people and people taking metformin for a long time may also be at increased risk of vitamin B12 deficiency due to insufficient absorption of vitamin B12 in the body."
If you consume very little food containing vitamin B12, you may be advised to take a vitamin B12 supplement or to receive vitamin B12 injections.
This may be the case for pregnant or breastfeeding women and for vegans or vegetarians.
If you are taking vitamin B12 supplements, the Ministry of Health advises you not to take too much of it, as this could be harmful.
Taking 2 mg or less per day of vitamin B12 as supplements is unlikely to harm.
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