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In an interview with The Atlantic, physicist Adam Riess, winner of the Noble Prize, said, "I have absolutely no idea what it is to black energy. The dark energy seems powerful enough to repel the whole universe. However, its source is unknown, its location is unknown and its physics highly speculative. "
"There is an unknown physics in the primitive universe that we need to study if the tension is real," said Inh Jee, cosmologist at the Max Plank Institute, about the signs of "tension" in understanding of the rate of expansion of the universe – known as the "Hubble constant" – since the Big Bang, a central part of the quest to discover the origins of the universe, astrophysicists thinking that they are getting closer and closer to the exact speed.
"The discovery of dark energy has dramatically changed the way we think about the laws of nature," said Edward Witten, one of the world's foremost theoretical physicists at the Institute for Nuclear Energy. Advanced studies from Princeton, New Jersey, which was not part of a new study evaluating the accelerated growth of the universe and was compared to Newton and Einstein.
"Dark Energy unknown" – A fifth force or a new form of matter?
In 1998, two teams of researchers found that the rate of expansion accelerated with distance and that the universe was filled with a mysterious "dark energy" that had caused an acceleration of 14 billion years, which earned them the 2011 Nobel Prize.
"Dark Energy unknown" – A fifth force or a new form of matter?
In a post on March 2, 2019, Dark Energy – "New Exotic Matter or Force Field ET?", A describes a controversial new theory suggesting that this dark energy could become stronger and denser, which would lead to a future in which atoms would be torn. the time ends.
Hubble unveils mystery: "A new physics is needed to explain the forces that shaped the cosmos"
"A very long time ago, when the universe was only about 100,000 years old – a growing mass of particles and radiation and expanding – a new, strange energy field came into being. is on, "writes Dennis Overbye for the New York Times Science. "This energy has impregnated space with a sort of cosmic antigravity, giving a not-so-gentle boost to the expansion of the universe."
Hubble Tension
Then, after about 100,000 years or so, the new field simply died out, leaving no trace other than that of an accelerated universe, says a team of astronomers from Johns Hopkins University, led by Adam Riess, Distinguished Bloomberg professor and Nobel laureate, expert in the Hubble constant. In a daring and speculative leap into the past, the team postulated the existence of this domain to explain a mysterious astronomical puzzle: the universe seems to be expanding faster than it should be.
Hubble unveils mystery: "A new physics is needed to explain the forces that shaped the cosmos"
"One of the growing mysteries about the universe, known as" Hubble Tension, "is that it seems to be spreading much faster than expected, even with our latest understanding of its conditions and content. initials, "says Riess. Their research is the first to provide a possible explanation, namely that the primitive universe received a dark energy injection shortly after the Big Bang, which better fits all observations. This theory shows how this "tension" can reveal a new characteristic of the universe. It also makes predictions that can be tested so that more measurements can tell us if they are correct. "
A new study, written by researchers at the Max Planck Institute of Astrophysics in Germany and other universities, describes a new method for measuring the accelerating growth of the planet's growth. universe, placing the rate of expansion at 82.4 km per second per megaparsec, higher than previous calculations – although it admits an error margin of 10%, which means that it could to be as low as 74 or even 90. Scientists say that the differences between the methods are not miscalculations, but might indicate a "tension" in understanding how the Big Bang theory explains the cosmos.
Scientists have known for decades that the universe is expanding, but research in recent years has upset calculations of growth rates, raising thorny questions about the theories of the cosmos. The rate of expansion – the "Hubble constant" – is a central part of the quest to discover the origins of the universe. Astrophysicists think that it is getting closer and closer to the exact speed.
The unit of measurement of the Hubble constant, reports the space and scientific reporter, Ivan Crown for AFP, is kilometers per second per megaparsec, or three million light years away. According to two different methods, the rate of expansion is either 67.4 or 73. The different measurement methods mean that galaxies three million light-years away (a megaparsec) will shrink back. 67, 73 … or maybe 82 kilometers per second.
The new calculation is based on how light curves around large galaxies. The coauthor, said Jee, said that the large margin of error in the study can not help refine Hubble's constant, but that his method adds to the debate over whether there are fundamental problems in the cosmological theory.
Adam Riess told AFP by e-mail that Thursday's study had not produced sufficiently accurate results to help resolve the lingering controversy. "I do not think it adds much to the current situation. It's nice to see people looking for alternative methods, so respect them, "he said.
Quintessence
A highly speculative hypothesis reported by The Galaxy on August 19, 2019, is an idea of the mechanism of an accelerated cosmic expansion called quintessence, a parent of the Higgs field that permeates the cosmos. An intelligent life maybe 5 billion years ago figured out how to activate this field, speculates the astrophysicist Caleb Scharf in Nautil.us. How? 'Or' What? "It's beyond me," he says, "but it's a thought-provoking idea, echoing the thought of the famous 1979 article by cosmologist Freeman Dyson, Time Without End," where he was examining the ability of life to act in the very distant future. at the astrophysical scale in an open universe that does not need to evolve to a state of permanent rest. Where life and communication can go on forever.
Dark Energy – "New Exotic Matter or Force Field ET?"
"Perhaps the hyper-advanced life is not just external. It may already be around. It is anchored in what we perceive to be the physics itself, from the fundamental behavior of particles and fields to phenomena of complexity and emergence, "said Scharf, a researcher at Columbia University and director of Columbia Astrobiology Center. . "What we think are the effects of mysterious forces such as black energy and dark matter in the universe, could actually be the influence of extraterrestrial intelligence – or maybe to be even extraterrestrials themselves. "
The Daily Galaxy via AFP, John Hopkins University and University College London
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