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"The region reports 7% of deaths worldwide due to head and neck cancer and also has one of the highest incidence rates (new cases per year)", said Colombian Sandra Perdomo to Efe today. which is part of a Latin American research project of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) on this carcinoma.
Perdomo cited an IARC badysis that collected information from 48 registers in 18 countries in Central and South America. in which it was detected that among those who have the highest number of head and neck cancers are Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina, as well as Cuba, and that 72% of cases correspond to men
. Brazil has the highest incidence rates (19.7 per 100,000 population for men and 5 for women), followed by Uruguay (16.9 and 10.1), Cuba ( 10 and 3.6), Argentina (6, 4 and 2.2), Colombia (5.2 and 3), Chile (3.4 and 1.6) and Peru (3 and 2).
The lowest number of new cases is reported by El Salvador and Mexico, below 2.7 per 100,00 inhabitants; and Bolivia and Ecuador, with rates below 2.
Cancer of the head and neck can compromise the nasal cavity and throat, but is more common in the mouth, larynx and pharynx
The neck may compromise the nasal cavity and throat, but it is more common in the mouth, larynx and pharynx
According to the IARC Latin American project, called InterCHANGE, which includes research centers in Colombia, Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil, consumption of alcohol and tobacco is the main risk factor badociated with this carcinoma.
For Perdomo, molecular epidemiologist and expert in biology and cancer clinic, precisely the high incidence of this disease in several countries in the region is badociated with high consumption of tobacco and alcohol.
International organizations, including the World Health Organization (WHO), have warned that human papillomavirus (HPV) can also infect the mouth and throat and contribute to the development of cancer in these sites.
"Unprotected oral bad with someone who has HPV exposes them to this cancer. Patients with HPV develop a type of head and neck cancer that generates fast-growing tumors, so it's important to have access to timely treatment, "says Clara Arango, oncology consultant.
At least 500,000 new cases and 375,000 deaths from head and neck cancer are reported around the world.
The IARC estimates that if the trend persists, the global burden of ENT cancers will increase by 34% by 2030, to register a million new cases and 576,000 annual deaths, while in Central America and South, it will increase by 7% (72,985 new cases and 37,909 deaths).
This Friday, July 27, World Cancer Day was commemorated Head and Neck, which seeks to attract attention to recognize the symptoms and improve care for those who suffer.
"Diagnosis is precisely one of the research challenges because, although some symptoms are very obvious, for example in oral cancer, the diagnosis is late in most cases", said Perdomo.
Depending on the characteristics of the tumor, treatments include chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy or targeted therapy, adds Arango, also medical manager at Latam Merck.
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