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Three
extremely dark areas of the sky have been selected for deep observations
by the Euclid mission of the European Space Agency.
Researchers will explore these "deep fields of Euclid" to detect faint and distant traces.
objects in the universe. Deep field positions – one in the north
The southern hemisphere and two in the southern hemisphere – were announced on June 4, 2019,
at the annual meeting of the Euclid Consortium in Helsinki.
Three
NASA-supported scientific groups contribute to the Euclid mission, while the
propulsion agency laboratory in Pasadena, California led by
the purchase and delivery of detectors for one of the positions of the observatory
instruments. The detectors have been tested at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center at
Greenbelt, Maryland.
Planned
to launch in 2022, Euclid will study an important part of the sky and the image
billions of galaxies across the universe to give insight into the
nature of two exceptional cosmic mysteries: dark
matter and dark energy. Although these phenomena are ordinarily
difficult to detect, Euclid will study them according to two methods. The first is by observing
the evolution of how galaxies have clustered over the past 10 billion
years. The second is to observe the distortion of galaxy images, an effect
called gravitational lens, because of the presence of "ordinary"
matter "(which includes things like stars and planets) and dark matter
intervening between these distant galaxies and us.
Together, dark matter and dark energy make up about
95% of the universe, while the ordinary material only composes about 5%. Black matter
is an invisible feature of the universe that constitutes the majority of the mass
most large galaxies. It can be detected indirectly via its attractiveness
effects. Dark energy is an even more mysterious phenomenon: it is the cause of the
acceleration of the expansion of the universe. The main purpose of Euclid is to study the darkness
energy.
Euclid Deep Field North rides a deep field
studied by NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope, which
observe far infrared light. Meanwhile, the Euclid Deep Field Fornax, located
in the southern hemisphere, includes the Chandra
Deep Field South, which has been thoroughly investigated in both
decades by the Chandra X-ray observatories of NASA and ESA XMM-Newton, as well as by
NASA-ESA Hubble Space Telescope (which allows viewing of visible, infrared and
ultraviolet) and the main ground telescopes.
"There is a real power in multi-length wavelength
astronomy, in which you study the same area of the sky or the same objects with
many different instruments that observe different wavelengths of
light, "said
JPL's Jason Rhodes, who heads one of NASA's three scientific groups working on
Euclid. "By selecting the Euclid Deep Fields now, we are
tell the world where is this treasure trove of high resolution imagery
be. In some cases, NASA observatories have already observed parts of the
Euclid Deep Fields, and other observatories on the ground or in space may
do the same."
About 10% of Euclid's observation time will be devoted
to Euclid's deep fields. The largest fraction of the mission
the observations will be devoted to Euclid's survey, covering about 15,000 people.
square degrees – more than a third of all the sky.
The full details of the European Space Agency can be found here:
http://sci.esa.int/euclid/61403-three-dark-fields-for-euclid-deep-survey/
Media contact
Calla Cofield
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California
626-808-2469
[email protected]
2019-110
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