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On the eleventh day of the protest movement of "yellow vests", the head of state on Tuesday fixed the main lines of the country's energy policy for the next ten years.
Respond to the sling of yellow vests while setting the energy cap of the next 10 to 20 years. After ten days of mobilization of "yellow vests", Emmanuel Macron took advantage of the presentation of the energy policy for the years to come, to announce some measures to appease social discontent. Specific responses, "adapted to the territories", will also be made in three months after a "major field consultation on the ecological and social transition," said the head of state. Here is what can be learned from his speech.
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• A mechanism to adapt taxes to fluctuations in oil prices
This is the answer to the growl of "yellow vests" against rising fuel prices. Emmanuel Macron wants to adapt the rise in taxes to the evolution of world oil prices. The goal: to limit the impact of fuel taxation and price fluctuations for the French who use their car a lot. "We need to build a method to shelter ourselves from this phenomenon and adapt the rise in taxes to the evolution of prices," announced the President of the Republic. "We must build a method to make this tax smarter and have an appointment every quarter to mitigate the effects for our fellow citizens." This device will be discussed during the second reading exam, mid-December, the draft Finance law for 2019, says the Elysee.
• Launch of a national debate in the territories on ecological transition
Within three months, the president wants badociations and politicians to "develop a method of construction to provide concrete solutions." "I want a national debate inscribed in the territories. I want a support strategy, everywhere in our territories and on social networks to make proposals, "said Emmanuel Macron, who said refuse" that the ecological transition accentuates the inequality between territories. " "I also hope that representatives of" yellow vests "can also" propose solutions ".
• The share of nuclear power reduced to 50% in 2035
"I was not elected on a nuclear exit program but on a reduction of nuclear power in the energy mix," said Emmanuel Macron. "I would have liked to do it as early as 2025. I would have liked to do it since 2025. We are staying on track for 50% but we are pushing the deadline to 2035". For this, 14 reactors of 900 megawatts will be stopped in 2035, including the two of Fessenheim which will be in the summer of 2020. Two reactors could be stopped in the next quinquennium, in 2025-2026, if the security of supply is badured and if our European neighbors accelerate their energy transition, said the head of state. Two reactors will be shut down in 2027-2028, he added, and four to six reactors will be closed before 2030, according to the evolution of the electricity and electricity systems of our neighbors. "I immediately set a rule for EDF: no complete closure of the sites. Reducing the share of nuclear power is not giving up nuclear power, "he added.
• Develop renewable energies
"We have to transform our electricity production," said Emmanuel Macron. To do this, he spoke of "an electric mix" that will rest "on the rise of the most competitive renewable energies. The wind farm will have to be tripled and photovoltaic will have to be multiplied by five "by 2030." The offshore wind will also be developed, "said the president. He also wants to boost hydropower. This support to renewable energies will reach between 7 and 8 billion euros by the end of the multi-year energy program (EPP), which ends in 2028, according to the Elysee. This represents a total of 71 billion euros of support for renewable energies (electricity, biogas, renewable heat) on 2019-2028. An "inescapable rise in power", according to Emmanuel Macron.
• Closure of all coal plants by 2022
The head of state also said that "all coal plants will be closed by 2022". "We must reduce our energy consumption and do it in a concerted manner by providing for public investments and providing adapted and concerted solutions," he said.
• The State could raise the capital of EDF
The Head of State also wants the management of EDF to reflect on developments in the group, which must preserve its integrity, and does not rule out the badumption of a strengthening of state participation within the French energy company, according to elements transmitted on Tuesday Reuters by the Elysée. Today, EDF is 83.7% owned by the State. EDF will submit its proposals in the framework of the strategic plan drawn up after the presentation of the multi-annual energy program (EPP) and the State will open its own side a reflection on the reinforcement of its stake in the capital of the company in connection with the specific issues and risks of the nuclear activity.
• A European strategy for electric vehicle batteries
The head of state asked EDF to intensify its research in the nuclear, but also in the sector of "renewable energy and storage," said the president. "We need more independence in the production of electric vehicle batteries. It takes a Franco-German strategy, at least, and at best a European strategy, "defends the president.
• Better isolate buildings
"We must encourage better insulation on old buildings, businesses, housing …" said the president. He recalled that "9 billion euros" were allocated under the investment plan but the results are too shy, "we must accelerate." In addition, he reiterated the goal of "renewing all oil-fired boilers within 10 years".
• Creation of a High Council for the climate
This new structure, composed of experts, will be responsible for ensuring the maintenance of the ecological course of government policy. "I wanted to establish this High Council for the climate, to restore facts. We can not confront opinions on false information and untruths, "explained Emmanuel Macron.
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