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Illustration of the HIV Vaccine. |
Jarun Ontakrai / Shutterstock
The development of HIV vaccines is promising. It has been shown that vaccine trials boost the immune system of 400 adults and stop infection in two-thirds of laboratory monkeys.
Thirty-five years after the beginning of the crisis, scientists hope that vaccines against the virus will become reality.
Vaccines are an important weapon in the fight against the virus, which infects 1.8 million people each year. Currently, about 37 million people are living with HIV / AIDS in the world, making it almost possible to be categorized as infectious pandemics covering large areas
Up to now, only four vaccines against HIV have been tested in humans. That's why, according to an international team of scientists from institutions such as Harvard and MIT, this test has become an important marker
HIV-1 is the most common form of this virus, while the HIV-2 is relatively rare and less infectious. In the first phase of clinical trials, researchers focused on HIV-1.
The results were published in [The Lancet] For the purpose of the test, scientists have exposed rhesus monkeys that have been vaccinated six times against the disease. Apparently only a third of them are infected.
In an experiment called "Imbokodo", the Zulu language for stone, they also began testing new vaccines in 2,600 women in southern Africa suspected of being infected with HIV. Scientists hope that the experiment will culminate in 2021.
Telegraph written, the study was conducted by Dr. And Barouch, professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School, Boston , and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.
"This result is an important step." The study shows that candidate vaccines induce a strong immune response in humans and vaccinated monkeys, percent protection against viral threats in monkeys, "says Dr. Barouch.
Despite this, he believes that these results should be interpreted with caution. "We are looking forward to the outcome of the phase of Imbokodo 2b that will determine whether this vaccine can protect people from HIV transmission," he said.
Scientists recruited 393 healthy adults between 18 and 50 years old. clinics in East Africa, South Africa, Thailand and the United States.
They were randomly badigned to one of seven vaccine or placebo combinations – a drug with a positive psychological effect and no medication before four vaccinations during a given period. 48 weeks.
I hope the new drug can be a universal vaccine because it is made from several different HIV viruses. On the other hand, previous vaccines have been limited to specific regions of the world.
The tests showed that all vaccines tested were capable of producing an anti-HIV immune response in healthy individuals. However, this does not mean that the vaccine is fully effective.
The next step for researchers is to test vaccines in 2,600 women in South Africa who are at risk of contracting HIV. The vaccine against HIV-1 is one of five vaccines that can reach this stage until now in trials. Other vaccines have been shown to be insufficiently effective for continued development
Prior to this study, the only HIV vaccine tested in humans that showed positive effects was tested in Thailand in 2009. vaccine reduced the rate of human infection by 31%, but the researchers acknowledged that the achievement was too low to make it generally applicable.
There is a glimmer of hope in this vaccine. Unlike previous vaccines that focused only on certain types of HIV, this vaccine is a "mosaic" that includes pieces of several strains to create a more universal drug. [Si (f.fbq) renvoie; n = f.fbq = fonction () {n.callMethod?) (F, b, e, v, n, t, s)
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