Gut-liver-brain interactions related to Alzheimer's disease

CHICAGO – Converging research on the gut-brain-brain axis has shown connections between the digestive system and markers of Alzheimer's disease, although issues of correlation and causality remain.

and liver function may be related to changes in the brain. One of them has shown that the bile acid profiles produced by the microbiome can be altered in people with Alzheimer 's disease, for example; The studies were all conducted for the Alzheimer's Disease Metabolomics Consortium (ADMC), which is part of the Accelerated Medicine Partnership of the National Institute on Aging (NIA) for Alzheimer's Disease ( 1965-19002). Disease (AMP-AD).

"We have studied the brain in isolation for too long," said Rima Kaddurah-Daouk, Ph.D., leader of the consortium, Duke University . "Not only should we target the brain, we should target other organs that talk to the brain."

In what could be the first study linking bile acid profiles with biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease, Kwangsik Nho, PhD, Indiana The University of Medicine of Indianapolis and his colleagues reported that people with Alzheimer's disease had bile acids produced by the intestinal microbiome, badociated with changes in cognitive decline, decreased brain metabolism of glucose, and increased brain atrophy.

the acids were linked to amyloid accumulation and increased tau, said Nho and co-authors in a 1562-patient badysis of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) cohort.

In the second study of the consortium, Mitchel Kling, MD, of the University of Pennsylvania, and co-authors reported that among the ADNI participants and patients Penn Memory Center, reduced levels of plasmalogens – a clbad of lipids that facilitate synaptic function Failure of the liver to supply enough plasmalogens to the brain could help reduce the ability of neurons to release neurotransmitters and thereby communicate with other neurons, did they? he says.

Low plasmalogen levels were correlated with elevated levels of total cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau, but not with beta amyloid levels, suggesting that plasmalogen availability is low. "Some of our findings provide a possible explanation for the mixed results seen in testing products containing omega-3 fatty acids, such as fish oils, to prevent cognitive decline in the elderly," he added. "Kling added." One of the clues we measured, based on the levels of plasmalogens containing omega-3 fatty acids compared to the corresponding phosphatide, was not influenced by the fact that the subjects whether or not they had fish oils in our study. Acids alone can not produce plasmalogen production if the enzymatic machinery in the liver does not function normally. "

The third study of the consortium, led by Dinesh Kumar Barupal, PhD, of the University of California Davis, sought to identify lipid biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease. eicosapentaenoic acid and phospholipids containing docosahexaenoic increased with fish oil products, but phospholipid levels containing arachidonic acid declined, "said Barupal.

And in the Fourth badysis of the consortium, Shahzad Ahmad, MSc, of the Erasmus Medical Center in Rotterdam, and his colleagues found that variations in Alz genes heimer risk APOE4 and SORL1 in two Dutch cohorts were linked to reduced levels of several cholesterol components that may be important for the health of the brain cell membrane.

These studies all indicate that Kaddurah-Daouk ao bservé an alteration in the intestine and liver of patients with Alzheimer's, but it is not known if the changes are the cause or the effect

"We can now report intestinal problems and liver problems that communicate with certain aspects. "We could perhaps find drugs that target the liver."

. Maybe we can reuse drugs that are used for liver disease, or use drugs that target the intestines and bacteria. "

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